Nokea
The nurse is teaching a class on venous insufficiency. The nurse would identify which condition as the most serious complication of chronic venous insufficiency?
- A. Arterial thrombosis.
- B. Deep vein thrombosis.
- C. Venous ulcerations.
- D. Varicose veins.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Venous ulcerations (C) are the most serious complication of chronic venous insufficiency, causing infection risk and impaired healing. Arterial thrombosis (A) is unrelated, DVT (B) is a separate condition, and varicose veins (D) are less severe.
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The nurse is preparing the client for an arteriogram. Which instruction is most important to include?
- A. You will need to lie flat for several hours after the procedure.
- B. You can eat a light meal before the test.
- C. Avoid moving your legs during the procedure.
- D. Take your blood pressure medication as usual.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lying flat post-arteriogram prevents bleeding at the catheter insertion site, typically in the femoral artery.
Which teaching point should the nurse include for a client with heart failure?
- A. Avoid all physical activity.
- B. Report weight gain of 2 pounds or more in a day.
- C. Take extra diuretics if you feel short of breath.
- D. Eat high-sodium foods to maintain electrolytes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid weight gain indicates fluid retention, requiring prompt reporting to manage heart failure.
Which assessment data would cause the nurse to suspect the client has atherosclerosis?
- A. Change in bowel movements.
- B. Complaints of a headache.
- C. Intermittent claudication.
- D. Venous stasis ulcers.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intermittent claudication (C) indicates arterial insufficiency from atherosclerosis. Bowel changes (A) and headaches (B) are nonspecific, and venous ulcers (D) are venous-related.
Which finding in a client with mitral stenosis requires immediate action?
- A. Heart rate of 100 beats per minute
- B. New onset of atrial fibrillation
- C. Blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg
- D. Mild fatigue
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: New-onset atrial fibrillation increases the risk of thromboembolism in mitral stenosis, requiring immediate intervention.
The client asks the nurse why they need to take a diuretic for hypertension. What is the best response?
- A. It helps your heart pump more efficiently.
- B. It reduces the amount of fluid in your blood vessels.
- C. It prevents blood clots from forming.
- D. It relaxes the blood vessel walls.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diuretics reduce blood volume by increasing urine output, lowering pressure in blood vessels.