Urinary NCLEX RN Questions Related

The nurse is teaching a client about consuming cranberry juice to prevent recurrent simple cystitis. The nurse understands that the treatment goal of consuming cranberry is to

• A. increase the urine specific gravity.
• B. increase the urine leukocyte count.
• C. acidify the urine.
• D. increase the protein in the urine.

A client with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is post-operative following transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and is now receiving continuous bladder irrigation. Upon assessment, the nurse notes that the output from the urinary catheter has stopped. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?

• A. Reinsert a new catheter
• B. Increase the infusion rate of the irrigation
• C. Attempt to dislodge a clot
• D. Contact the health care provider (HCP)

The nurse in the emergency department (ED) is caring for a 57-year-old male client.
Item 4 of 6
History and Physical
A 57-year-old male client with stage three small cell lung cancer. The client had suddenly become disoriented and did not recognize his family members and relatives. He reports severe lower extremity weakness and has had three episodes of diarrhea in the past four hours. The client is undergoing 6 cycles of chemotherapy with cisplatin and etoposide. He is currently taking a 14-day course of 15 mg of prednisone. He is on his third day of steroid treatment. He has a medical history of dyslipidemia and advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Laboratory Results
• Hemoglobin 14 g/dL [14-18 g/dL (140–180 g/L)]
• Hematocrit 42% (0.42) [42-52% (0.42-0.52)]
• White Blood Cell 11,000 mm3 [5-10 mm3]
• Platelet Count 140,000 mm3 [150-400 mm3 (150–400 × 109/L)]
• Glucose 139 mg/dL (7.72 mmol/L) [70–110 mg/dL (4-6 mmol/L)]
• Sodium 116 mEq/L [136–145 mEq/L (mmol/L)]
• Potassium 3.3 mEq/L [3.5–5.0 mEq/L (mmol/L)]
• Creatinine 0.7 mg/dL (61.88 mmol/L) [0.6–1.2 mg/dL (53–106 mmol/L)]
• Blood Urea Nitrogen 8 mg/dL (2.86 mmol/L) [10–20 mg/dL (3.6–7.1 mmol/L)]
• Serum Osmolality 277 mOsm/kg [285-295 mOsm/kg (285–295 mmol/kg)]

Nurses' Notes
0759: Client is completely disoriented and required maximum assistance to the stretcher because of unsteady gait. Lung sounds clear bilaterally. Alopecia noted. Skin is warm and dry and normal for ethnicity. Peripheral pulses 2+. No skin tenting. Hyperactive bowel sounds in all quadrants. 20-gauge peripheral vascular access device placed in the left antecubital space. T 97.8° F (36.6° C) P 88 RR 21 BP 123/68 Pulse oximetry reading 91% on room air.
0850: Verbal order was received from physician to insert indwelling urethral catheter.
0910: Urinary catheter inserted with sterile technique. 40 mL of dark yellow urine returned.

The physician diagnoses the client with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. The nurse updates the nurses' notes. For each potential order, click to specify whether the potential order is indicated or not indicated for the client.

• A. thiazide diuretic
• B. continuous cardiac monitoring
• C. seizure precautions
• D. intravenous hypotonic fluids
• E. urology consultation
• F. desmopressin {DDAVP}

Following surgery for a prolapsed bladder, a 74-year-old female client is two days postoperative with an indwelling urinary catheter. While the nurse is making morning rounds, the client states, 'I feel like peeing again!' The most appropriate response for the nurse is:

• A. It's just bladder spasms. Nothing to worry about.'
• B. Let me look at your urine bag to ensure it's draining properly.'
• C. You should do Kegel exercises regularly to stop this urge to void.'
• D. Is this the first time this has happened?'

When assessing for dehydration, the nurse should observe for which of the following?

• A. Headache and increased urinary output
• B. Weight gain and edema
• C. Hypertension and decreased urinary output
• D. Hypotension, headache, and dry mucous membranes