Nokea
The nurse is teaching a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) about lifestyle modifications. Which statement indicates understanding?
- A. I should eat large meals to avoid snacking.'
- B. I will sleep flat to relax my stomach.'
- C. I'll avoid lying down for 2 hours after eating.'
- D. I can drink orange juice with breakfast.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoiding lying down for 2 hours after eating prevents acid reflux by keeping the stomach contents below the esophagus.
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You are working in a community pediatric health clinic. Which developmental task should you apply into your practice?
- A. You should apply the principles of initiative when caring for preschool children.
- B. You should apply the principles of sensorimotor thought when caring for preschool children.
- C. You should apply the principles of intimacy when caring for the adolescent.
- D. You should apply the principles of concrete operations when caring for the adolescent.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: According to Erikson's developmental stages, preschool children (ages 3-5) are in the stage of Initiative vs. Guilt, where they develop a sense of purpose through exploration and play. This is the appropriate developmental task to apply in a pediatric clinic for this age group.
A client is diagnosed with pernicious anemia. The nurse reviews the client's health history for disorders involving which organ responsible for vitamin B12 absorption?
- A. Liver
- B. Ileum
- C. Kidney
- D. Hepatobiliary
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pernicious anemia can occur in a client who has a disease involving the ileum, where vitamin B12 is absorbed. The nurse checks the client's history for small bowel disorders to detect this risk factor. The liver and the kidney are not related to impaired B12 absorption. Hepatobiliary refers to the liver and gallbladder.
Bacterial conjunctivitis has affected several children at a local day care center. A nurse should advise which measure to minimize the risk of infection?
- A. Close the day care center for 1 week to control the outbreak.
- B. Restrict the infected children from returning for 48 hours after treatment.
- C. Perform thorough hand washing before and after touching any child in the day care center.
- D. Set up a conference with the parents of each child to explain the situation carefully.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thorough hand washing is the most effective measure to prevent the spread of bacterial conjunctivitis.
A client with acute stress disorder is telling the nurse about the tornado that leveled his house and killed his wife and baby while he was out of town on business. He states, 'If only I'd been at home, I could have saved them.' Which of the following responses would be most appropriate?
- A. Don't blame yourself; you'll only feel worse.'
- B. It's not your fault; so stop feeling so guilty.'
- C. You might not have been at home.'
- D. You couldn't have prevented the tornado; it just happened.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acknowledging the uncontrollable nature of the tornado helps the client process guilt rationally, supporting coping with acute stress disorder.
A 70-year-old, previously well client asks the nurse, 'I notice I have tremors. Is this just normal for my age?' The best response for the nurse to make is which of the following?
- A. I wouldn't be worried because this is common with aging
- B. You should report this to the physician because it may indicate a problem
- C. You should drink orange juice when this occurs
- D. You should have your blood pressure checked when this occurs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tremors in a 70-year-old are not necessarily normal and may indicate conditions like Parkinson's or medication side effects, requiring physician evaluation. Orange juice or blood pressure checks are not directly relevant.