Nokea
The nurse is teaching a patient who has a new prescription for spironolactone (Aldactone). Which statement by the patient indicated that the teaching was effective?
- A. I will use salt substitutes to lower my sodium intake
- B. I will increase my intake of foods that are high in potassium
- C. I will call my doctor if I begin having menstrual irregularities
- D. I will take this medication at bedtime each evening
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing, aldosterone-blocking diuretic. As such, it can cause endocrine effects, such as gynecomastia, menstrual irregularities, impotence, hirsutism, and deepening of the voice. Patients taking spironolactone should avoid salt substitutes because they contain potassium; high-potassium foods should be avoided with this drug. Ideally, all diuretics should be taken in the morning to prevent nocturia.
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Although most relapses in children with Wilms tumor occur early (within 2 yr of diagnosis) and have a favorable outcome, about 15% suffer relapse. Relapse includes all the following EXCEPT
- A. low stage (I/II) at diagnosis
- B. no prior radiotherapy
- C. anaplastic histology
- D. more than 12 mo from nephrectomy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A patient who has PUD and is receiving magnesium hydroxide (MOM) is experiencing an increased number of BM. Which is the nurse’s priority action?
- A. Ask the HCP for a reduction in dose
- B. Encourage the patient to increase dietary fiber
- C. Administer the drug with an aluminum hydroxide antacid
- D. Instruct patient to keep an accurate stool count
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: MOM is a rapid-acting antacid with a prominent adverse effect of diarrhea. To compensate, it usually is administered in combo with aluminum hydroxide which promotes constipation. A reduction in dose might be necessary if the diarrhea is severe, but this is not a priority action. Increasing dietary fiber and keeping a stool count are appropriate actions to implement after adding an antacid to counteract the diarrhea effect.
Which statement best describes the use of activity or task analysis?
- A. A foundational tool in occupational therapy for over a century
- B. A technique used to evaluate motor deficits in pediatrics
- C. Recently applied in some areas of pediatric occupational therapy
- D. A tool used exclusively by occupational therapy practitioners
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Activity or task analysis has been a fundamental method in occupational therapy for over a century. It involves breaking down activities or tasks into smaller components to understand the skills required and identify areas of difficulty. This process helps occupational therapists develop effective intervention strategies to improve a client's ability to perform daily activities independently.
The age of a child who imitates construction of a bridge of 3 cubes; copies circle; makes tower of 10 cubes is
- A. 24 months old
- B. 30 months old
- C. 36 months old
- D. 42 months old
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
An adolescent client reports recurrent abdominal pain with diarrhea and bloody stools. Which type of inflammatory bowel disease does the nurse suspect based on these data?
- A. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)
- B. Ulcerative colitis (UC)
- C. Crohn's disease
- D. Appendicitis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by recurrent abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bloody stools. The symptoms described align with the clinical presentation of ulcerative colitis, making it the most likely diagnosis in this scenario. Necrotizing enterocolitis primarily affects premature infants, Crohn's disease typically presents with non-bloody diarrhea, and appendicitis is characterized by right lower quadrant abdominal pain. Therefore, based on the symptoms provided, ulcerative colitis is the most appropriate suspicion.