Nokea
The nurse is teaching a prenatal class about fetal circulation. What structure allows blood to bypass the fetal lungs?
- A. Ductus arteriosus.
- B. Ductus venosus.
- C. Foramen ovale.
- D. Umbilical vein.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ductus arteriosus shunts blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, bypassing the fetal lungs.
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The pediatric nurse knows that the children being treated are considered minors. Which statement accurately describes the regulations related to consent for medical treatment?
- A. Children older than age 16 can provide their own consent for, or refusal of, medical procedures.
- B. A guardian ad litem may be appointed by the parents to serve to protect the child's best interests.
- C. Parents ultimately are the decision makers regarding medical treatment for their children younger than the age of 18.
- D. When divorce occurs, the parent with whom the child is living on a daily basis will be granted custody of the child.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Parents ultimately are the decision makers for their children. Generally, only persons over the age of majority (18 years of age) can legally provide consent for health care.
The nurse is educating a client about complications of pregnancy. Which symptom requires immediate medical attention?
- A. Mild swelling in the feet.
- B. Heartburn after eating.
- C. Severe headache and visual disturbances.
- D. Frequent urination.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe headache and visual disturbances may indicate preeclampsia or other serious conditions requiring prompt evaluation.
A nurse is assessing a client following an amniocentesis. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as complications? (Select all that apply).
- A. Amnionitis
- B. Urinary tract infection
- C. Polyhydramnios
- D. Leakage of amniotic fluid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Amnionitis: This is the inflammation of the amniotic sac or membranes and is a potential complication following an amniocentesis procedure. It can lead to maternal fever, fetal tachycardia, and other signs of infection.
What is a statement about premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) that is true?
- A. PMS and PMDD affect only persons who have already reached menopause.
- B. Hormonal fluctuations are not considered potential causes of PMS and PMDD.
- C. PMS and PMDD are characterized by physical symptoms but not emotional symptoms.
- D. PMS and PMDD involve a range of physical and emotional symptoms due to fluctuating hormone levels.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
What serum laboratory reports would the nurse expect in a bulimic client?
- A. Potassium 3.0 mEq/L.
- B. Bicarbonate 30 mmol/L.
- C. Platelet count 450,000 cells/mm3.
- D. Hemoglobin A1C 9%.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Low potassium levels result from vomiting and purging.