Nokea
The nurse is teaching newly hired NAs in a long term care facility. What information about skin care for older adults should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Avoid skin products purchased for the resident by family that contain alcohol
- B. Apply perfumed skin lots after the resident’s bath when the skin is still moist
- C. When taking residents outdoors, apply sunscreen with a sun protection factor of 8
- D. Apply a strong detergent to clothing with food stains before sending to laundry
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding alcohol-containing products prevents skin drying in older adults with fragile skin. Perfumed lotions, low SPF, and strong detergents increase irritation risk.
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The 62-year-old client is diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which medication, if taken by the client, should the nurse identify as posing a secondary risk factor for the client’s osteoporosis?
- A. Baby aspirin daily for past 4 years
- B. Escitalopram 5 mg daily for past 7 months
- C. Multivitamin for many years
- D. 10-year use of budesonide nostril spray bid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Long-term corticosteroid use, like budesonide, is a risk factor for osteoporosis. Aspirin, escitalopram, and multivitamins (with calcium/vitamin D) do not contribute to bone loss.
The nurse is admitting the older adult client to a nursing home. Which is the nurse’s best approach when obtaining information during the admission interview?
- A. Direct questions to the family member accompanying the client
- B. Speak clearly and slowly to the client using high-pitched vocal tones
- C. Take the client and family members to a private room without distractions
- D. Speak to the client loudly about familiar topics before asking questions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A private, distraction-free room respects confidentiality and aids focus. Directing questions to family, high-pitched tones, or loud familiar topics are inappropriate.
The nurse is assessing the 50-year-old female client who is hospitalized. The nurse should assess the client for which physical changes associated with aging? Select all that apply.
- A. Increased sweat gland activity
- B. Decreased ability to read smaller print
- C. Weight loss due to hypermetabolism
- D. Increased sebaceous gland activity
- E. Absence of a menstrual cycle
Correct Answer: B;E
Rationale: Visual acuity declines, affecting near vision, and menopause causes absence of menstruation in middle-aged women. Sweat and sebaceous gland activity decrease, and weight gain, not loss, occurs due to slower metabolism.
The nurse is assessing the 84-year-old client during a routine health examination. Which finding should the nurse investigate first?
- A. Decreased force of cough
- B. Impaired swallowing
- C. Urine light yellow in color
- D. Height decreased by ½ inch
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Impaired swallowing increases aspiration risk and may indicate a non-age-related condition, requiring priority investigation. Decreased cough, light urine, and height loss are age-related.
The nurse is caring for the chronically ill middle-aged adult who has had numerous hospitalizations. Which behaviors may interfere with the client’s achievement of the developmental task associated with middle adulthood? Select all that apply.
- A. Writes thank-you notes to friends
- B. Stays at home and refuses visitors
- C. Self-absorbed in own psychological needs
- D. Attempts to perform own personal cares
- E. Continually relays feelings of inadequacy
Correct Answer: B;C;E
Rationale: Staying home, self-absorption, and feelings of inadequacy interfere with maintaining social relationships and generativity. Thank-you notes and self-care support generativity.