Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam Practice Questions

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The nurse is teaching parents of a child with chronic renal failure (CRF) about the use of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) subcutaneous injections. Which statement indicates the parents have understood the teaching?

  • A. "These injections will help with the hypertension."
  • B. "We're glad the injections only need to be given once a month."
  • C. "The red blood cell count should begin to improve with these injections."
  • D. "Urine output should begin to improve with these injections."
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct statement indicating that the parents have understood the teaching is: "The red blood cell count should begin to improve with these injections." Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) is a hormone used to stimulate red blood cell production in patients with chronic renal failure. By increasing red blood cell production, rHuEPO can help combat anemia, a common complication of chronic renal failure. Therefore, the improvement of the red blood cell count is an expected outcome of administering rHuEPO injections in patients with chronic renal failure. The other statements are not accurate regarding the effects of rHuEPO injections.

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The nursing care for the client in addisonian crisis should include which of the following interventions?

  • A. Encouraging independence with activities of daily living (ADL)
  • B. Allowing ambulation as tolerated
  • C. Offering extra blankets and raising the heat in the room to keep the client warm
  • D. Placing the client in a private room
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The nursing care for a client in Addisonian crisis, also known as adrenal crisis, should include offering extra blankets and raising the heat in the room to keep the client warm. Addisonian crisis is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body does not have enough cortisol and aldosterone, which are hormones produced by the adrenal glands. Symptoms of Addisonian crisis include severe weakness, fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and low blood pressure. By offering extra blankets and raising the room temperature, the nurse can help prevent hypothermia, which can worsen the client's condition. It is important to maintain the client's body temperature to promote comfort and prevent further complications during Addisonian crisis.

One nursing diagnosis for JRA is impaired physical mobility. Select all nursing interventions that apply.

  • A. Give pain medication prior to ambulation.
  • B. Assist with range-of-motion activities.
  • C. Encourage the child to eat a high-fat diet.
  • D. Provide oxygen as necessary.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Giving pain medication prior to ambulation can help alleviate discomfort and improve the child's ability to perform physical activities, thus promoting mobility.

Which of the following responses indicates sympathetic nervous system function?

  • A. Tachycardia, dilated pupils
  • B. Hypoglycaemia, headache
  • C. Increased peristalsis, abdominal cramping
  • D. Pupil constriction, bronchoconstriction
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the body's "fight or flight" response. Tachycardia (increased heart rate) and dilated pupils are classic responses of the sympathetic nervous system activation during times of stress or danger. These physiological responses prepare the body for action, such as running away from a threat.

The Denver II assesses the development of children from birth to 6 years of age, it includes the following domains EXCEPT

  • A. language
  • B. intelligence
  • C. gross motor
  • D. personal-social
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The Denver II does not specifically assess intelligence.

Which of the following signs indicates to the nurse that digoxin (Lanoxin) has been effective for a patient?

  • A. Urine output decreases
  • B. Heart rate higher than 95
  • C. Urine output increases
  • D. Heart rate lower than 50
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Digoxin is a medication commonly used to treat heart failure and certain types of irregular heart rhythms. One of the therapeutic effects of digoxin is an improvement in cardiac output, leading to better tissue perfusion. As the heart's pumping ability improves, blood flow to the kidneys also increases, resulting in an increase in urine output. Therefore, an increase in urine output is a positive indication that digoxin is effective for the patient. Monitoring urine output can be a valuable way for nurses to assess the response to digoxin therapy and the overall cardiac function of the patient.

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