Nokea
The nurse is teaching the client about risk factors for diabetes mellitus. Which of the following risk factors for diabetes mellitus is nonmodifiable?
- A. Poor control of blood glucose levels
- B. Current of recent foot trauma
- C. Inappropriate foot care
- D. Advanced age
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Advanced age is a nonmodifiable risk factor for diabetes mellitus. Nonmodifiable risk factors are characteristics or traits that cannot be changed or controlled. In this case, a person's age is a factor that continuously increases as time passes and cannot be altered. Other nonmodifiable risk factors for diabetes mellitus include family history of diabetes and certain ethnic backgrounds. On the other hand, poor control of blood glucose levels, current or recent foot trauma, and inappropriate foot care are examples of modifiable risk factors that can be managed through lifestyle changes and proper medical care.
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Why should the nurse closely monitor a client to ensure that the venous access device remains in the vein during a transfusion?
- A. It minimizes the risk of phlebitis
- B. It minimizes the risk of circulatory overload
- C. It minimizes the risk of pulmonary
- D. It minimizes the risk of localized edema embolism
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Keeping the venous access device securely in the vein during a transfusion is important to minimize the risk of localized edema embolism. If the device dislodges and infiltrates into surrounding tissues, it can lead to localized swelling, pain, and potential complications such as tissue damage. Monitoring ensures proper placement and function of the device, reducing the risk of complications related to dislodgment.
The BEST implication of a 6-month-old baby's visuomotor coordination is
- A. voluntary release of objects
- B. comparison ability of small objects
- C. increasing ability to explore objects
- D. autonomy of actions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Voluntary release is a key milestone in visuomotor coordination at this age.
Which of the ff. is a symptom that the nurse would expect to find during assessment of a patient experiencing acute angle-closure glaucoma?
- A. Flashing lights
- B. Lens opacity
- C. Halos around lights A1 PASSERS TRAINING, RESEARCH, REVIEW & DEVELOPMENT COMPANY MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING SET N
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Halos around lights are a common symptom observed in patients experiencing acute angle-closure glaucoma. This occurs due to the increased intraocular pressure causing corneal edema, which leads to light scattering and the appearance of halos. Other symptoms may include severe eye pain, redness in the eye, decreased vision, and headache. It is important for the nurse to recognize these symptoms promptly as acute angle-closure glaucoma is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment to prevent permanent vision loss.
A female child, age 6, is brought to the health clinic for a routine checkup. To assess the child's vision, the nurse should ask:
- A. "Do you have any problems seeing different colors?"
- B. "Do you have trouble seeing at night?"
- C. "Do you have problems with glare?"
- D. "How are you doing in school?"
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asking the child if they have any problems seeing different colors is a suitable way to assess their vision during a routine checkup. Issues with colors can indicate potential color blindness or other vision problems. Asking about night vision (choice B) or glare (choice C) might be more relevant in specific situations or with older patients. Inquiring about their performance in school (choice D) could provide information related to vision but is not as direct and specific as asking about color vision.
After surgery the nurse notes that the patient's urine is dark amber and concentrated. Which of the following does the nurse understand may be the reason for this?
- A. The sympathetic nervous system saves fluid in response to stress of surgery.
- B. The sympathetic nervous system diereses fluid in response to stress of surgery.
- C. The parasympathetic nervous system saves fluid in response to stress of surgery.
- D. The parasympathetic nervous system diereses fluid in response to stress of surgery.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The sympathetic nervous system saves fluid in response to the stress of surgery, leading to the urine becoming dark amber and concentrated. During stressful events such as surgery, the body activates the sympathetic nervous system as part of the fight-or-flight response. One of the functions of the sympathetic nervous system in this situation is to conserve fluids in the body by reducing urine output. This results in more concentrated urine, often appearing dark amber in color. Conversely, the parasympathetic nervous system is not typically involved in conserving fluid during stress responses.