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The nurse is working with a pregnant woman who states that she is a vegan. Which of the following actions by the nurse is appropriate?
- A. Advise the mother that she must eat some animal protein during her pregnancy.
- B. Refer the woman to a nutritionist for diet counseling.
- C. Remind the mother that cashews and coconut are excellent sources of calcium.
- D. Congratulate the woman on agreeing to eat eggs and milk.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A nutritionist can help ensure the vegan mother receives adequate nutrients, such as B12, iron, and protein, during pregnancy.
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A nurse is working in a health care organization that has achieved Magnet status. Which components are indicators of this status? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Empirical quality results
- B. Structural empowerment
- C. Transformational leadership
- D. Exemplary professional practice
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) established the Magnet Recognition Program to recognize health care organizations that achieve excellence in nursing practice. The five components are Transformational Leadership; Structural Empowerment; Exemplary Professional Practice; New Knowledge, Innovation, and Improvements; and Empirical Quality Results.
Which is the method of childbirth that helps prevent the fear-tension-pain cycle by using slow abdominal breathing in early labor and rapid chest breathing in advanced labor?
- A. Bradley
- B. Lamaze
- C. Leboyer
- D. Dick-Read
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dick-Read method. This method emphasizes relaxation and controlled breathing to reduce fear and pain during childbirth. Slow abdominal breathing in early labor helps maintain calmness, while rapid chest breathing in advanced labor assists in coping with intense contractions. The Dick-Read method's focus on the mind-body connection and natural childbirth aligns with preventing the fear-tension-pain cycle.
Summary:
A: Bradley method emphasizes partner-coached childbirth.
B: Lamaze method focuses on breathing techniques and relaxation.
C: Leboyer method emphasizes gentle birthing practices.
These choices do not specifically address the fear-tension-pain cycle with the same breathing techniques as the Dick-Read method.
A G1 P0000 gravida, whose labor was uneventful, delivered 1 minute ago. The baby’s Apgar score at this time is 3. Which of the following actions is appropriate for the nurse to make?
- A. Administer ophthalmic prophylaxis.
- B. Place the baby on the abdomen of the mother.
- C. Obtain assistance for neonatal resuscitation.
- D. Repeat the score to confirm its accuracy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An Apgar score of 3 indicates the baby is in distress and requires immediate neonatal resuscitation.
The nurse is reviewing the procedure for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) screening with a patient at 16 weeks' gestation. The nurse determines that the patient understands the teaching when she states that will be collected for the initial screening process?
- A. Urine
- B. Blood
- C. Saliva
- D. Amniotic fluid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Blood. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) screening is a test that measures the level of AFP in the mother's blood to screen for certain fetal abnormalities. AFP is a protein produced by the fetus and can be detected in the mother's blood. Blood is the most appropriate sample for this screening as it directly reflects the fetal AFP levels. Urine (A), saliva (C), and amniotic fluid (D) do not contain AFP in levels that can be accurately measured for this screening, making them incorrect choices. Blood is the standard and most reliable sample for AFP screening due to its direct correlation with fetal AFP levels.
The nurse is caring for a client who had a contraction stress test. Which change in assessment requires immediate notification of the health care provider?
- A. No late decelerations
- B. Late decelerations with at least 50% of the contractions
- C. Accelerations with contractions
- D. No contractions produced
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because late decelerations with at least 50% of contractions indicate fetal distress and potential hypoxia. This requires immediate notification of the healthcare provider for further evaluation and intervention. No late decelerations (choice A) are normal. Accelerations with contractions (choice C) are reassuring. No contractions produced (choice D) would indicate an inadequate test and require reevaluation.