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The nurse is working with community groups. At what location would the nurse anticipate a possible scabies outbreak?
- A. Shopping mall
- B. Swimming pool
- C. College dormitory
- D. Gymnasium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse is correct to anticipate a potential scabies outbreak in a college dormitory. Outbreaks are common where large groups of people are confined or housed. Spread of scabies is from skin-to-skin contact. Although there are groups of people at the shopping mall, swimming pool, and gymnasium, typically, there is no personal contact.
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The nurse is caring for an older adult client who has developed chapped and itchy skin. Which nursing intervention included in this client's plan of care should the nurse alter?
- A. Use of a gait belt for ambulation
- B. Maintenance of foam pad on wheelchair
- C. Daily bathing with warm-hot water
- D. Applying lanolin ointment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When the client develops dry and itchy skin, the nurse should alter the client's plan of care with respect to bathing. Hot water will dry the skin further. Due to a decrease in epidermal replacement rates, excessive drying of an older person's skin can lead to pruritus, dryness, and infection. Lanolin ointment is good to apply to dry skin because it helps moisturize so this should be kept in the plan. The nurse would not alter the plan of using a gait belt for ambulation or using a foam pad on the wheelchair.
The nurse is assessing a client with onychocryptosis. Which of the following is evident if the tissue is infected?
- A. Pressure
- B. Redness and swelling
- C. Pain
- D. Purulent drainage and an odor
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Purulent leakage and an odor are evident if the tissue is infected. A client with onychocryptosis feels a local pressure from the abnormal nail growth, but this is not a sign of the tissue being infected. Redness, swelling, and pain occur where the nail pierces the adjacent tissue.
A client has been diagnosed with melanoma. What treatment option can the nurse expect will be used?
- A. Cryosurgery
- B. Radical excision
- C. Radiation therapy
- D. Laser surgery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The treatment of a melanoma involves radical excision of the tumor and adjacent tissues, followed by chemotherapy. Laser surgery and cryosurgery are not used in the treatment of melanoma. Radiation is used in some types of cancer.
What is the cause of shingles?
- A. Parasitic fungi
- B. Itch mite
- C. Reactivated virus
- D. Hormonal change
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Several skin disorders involve an infecting agent. Scabies is caused by an itch mite. Parasitic fungi cause dermatophytosis in the skin, scalp, and nails. Shingles is caused by a reactivated virus. Hormonal change is not the cause of shingles.
The home health nurse is caring for a client with scabies. When instructing on the proper procedure to wash preworn contaminated clothing, which nursing instruction is essential?
- A. Use commercial grade laundry detergent.
- B. Pretreat clothing where scabies contact existed.
- C. Wash clothes through two laundry cycles.
- D. Use hot water throughout wash cycle.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse is correct to instruct the client to use hot water throughout the wash cycle. Using hot water kills scabies and infectious agents on the laundry. If using the correct wash settings, the client does not need to use commercial-grade laundry detergent; the clothing does not need pretreated nor washed through two cycles.