Nokea
The nurse knows that elevated findings on which laboratory test typically validate a diagnosis of gout?
- A. Creatinine clearance
- B. Blood urea nitrogen
- C. Serum uric acid
- D. Serum calcium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevated serum uric acid confirms gout, as it causes crystal formation.
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The nurse is discussing osteoporosis with a group of women. Which factor will the nurse identify as a nonmodifiable risk factor?
- A. Calcium deficiency.
- B. Tobacco use.
- C. Female gender.
- D. High alcohol intake.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Female gender is a nonmodifiable risk factor for osteoporosis due to lower bone density post-menopause. Calcium deficiency, tobacco, and alcohol are modifiable.
Which information should the nurse teach the client regarding sports injuries?
- A. Apply heat intermittently for the first 48 hours.
- B. An injury is not serious if the extremity can be moved.
- C. Only return to the health-care provider if the foot becomes cold.
- D. Keep the injury immobilized and elevated for 24 to 48 hours.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Immobilization and elevation reduce swelling in sports injuries. Heat worsens swelling, movement does not rule out severity, and cold feet are a late sign.
When assessing the characteristics of pain in a client with a herniated disk, the nurse would expect to document increased intensity of pain during which activity?
- A. Eating
- B. Coughing
- C. Sleeping
- D. Urinating
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Coughing increases intraspinal pressure, exacerbating pain from a herniated disk by compressing the affected nerve root. Other activities are less likely to intensify disk-related pain.
Which interventions are appropriate for an adolescent experiencing a seizure?
- A. A tongue blade inserted into the adolescent's mouth during a seizure can cause injury.
- B. Padding protects the adolescent's limbs from injury against the hard side rails during a seizure.
- C. Airway obstruction can occur during or after the seizure. An oropharyngeal airway should be available but should not be inserted during the seizure. If the seizure has commenced, nothing should be forced into the adolescent's mouth.
- D. The etiology is unknown. Only if an airborne or droplet infectious disease were suspected as the cause would droplet precautions be considered.
- E. Suctioning equipment may be needed to clear secretions after the seizure.
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Padding protects limbs from injury, an oropharyngeal airway should be available but not inserted during a seizure, and suctioning equipment may be needed post-seizure to clear secretions.
The nurse is caring for the client who has had a total hip replacement. Which data indicate the surgical treatment is effective?
- A. The client states the pain is at a '3' on a 1-to-10 scale.
- B. The client has a limited ability to ambulate.
- C. The client's left leg is shorter than the right leg.
- D. The client ambulates to the bathroom.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ambulating to the bathroom indicates effective THR, restoring mobility. Mild pain is expected, limited ambulation is negative, and leg length discrepancy is a complication.