Nokea
The nurse knows the diabetic client understands what 'free' foods on the exchange list means if the client excludes which one of the following from a meal plan?
- A. Iced tea
- B. Flavored water
- C. Light beer
- D. Club soda
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Light beer contains carbohydrates and calories, unlike free foods such as iced tea, flavored water, and club soda.
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Which nursing instruction should the nurse discuss with the client who is receiving glucocorticoids for Addison’s disease?
- A. Discuss the importance of tapering medications when discontinuing medication.
- B. Explain the dose may need to be increased during times of stress or infection.
- C. Instruct the client to take medication on an empty stomach with a glass of water.
- D. Encourage the client to wear clean white socks when wearing tennis shoes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Addison’s disease requires glucocorticoid replacement, and doses must be increased during stress or infection to mimic the body’s natural cortisol response and prevent adrenal crisis. Tapering applies to exogenous steroid cessation, empty stomach intake is incorrect, and socks are irrelevant.
Which client statement indicates the need for further teaching about thyroidectomy postoperative care?
- A. I should support my neck when sitting up.
- B. I may need calcium supplements.
- C. I can resume normal activities immediately.
- D. I should report any voice changes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Resuming normal activities immediately post-thyroidectomy is incorrect due to the risk of complications like bleeding or hypocalcemia.
Twelve hours after a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy, the client keeps clearing his throat and complains of a drip in his mouth. To accurately assess this, the nurse should test the fluid for:
- A. sugar.
- B. protein.
- C. bacteria.
- D. blood.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A post-nasal drip post-transsphenoidal hypophysectomy may indicate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, which contains glucose (sugar), unlike saliva or mucus.
The nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client diagnosed with Cushing's disease. Which statement by the client demonstrates an understanding of the instructions?
- A. I will be sure to notify my health-care provider if I start to run a fever.
- B. Before I stop taking the prednisone, I will be taught how to taper it off.
- C. If I get weak and shaky, I need to eat some hard candy or drink some juice.
- D. It is fine if I continue to participate in weekend games of tackle football.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tapering prednisone prevents adrenal crisis, indicating understanding. Fever notification is general, hypoglycemia is unrelated, and tackle football is unsafe.
The clinic nurse is evaluating the client with type 1 DM who intends to enroll in a tennis class. Which statement made by the client indicates that the client understands the effects of exercise on insulin demand?
- A. I will carry a high-fat, high-calorie food, such as a cookie.'
- B. I will administer 1 unit of lispro insulin prior to playing tennis.'
- C. I will eat a 15-gram carbohydrate snack before playing tennis.'
- D. I will need to rest for a while during tennis if I feel sweaty or shaky.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Excessive exercise without sufficient carbohydrates can result in unexpected hypoglycemia.