Nokea
The nurse knows which of the following is true about immunity?
- A. Antibody-mediated defense occurs through the T-cell system
- B. Cellular immunity is mediated by antibodies produced by the B-cells
- C. Antibodies are produced by the B-cells
- D. Lymphocytes increase with an allergic response
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
Choice C is correct because antibodies are indeed produced by B-cells as part of the adaptive immune response. B-cells differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibodies to target specific antigens. This process is essential for generating immunity against pathogens.
Incorrect Choices:
A: Antibody-mediated defense occurs through the B-cell system, not the T-cell system. T-cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity.
B: Cellular immunity is mediated by T-cells, not antibodies produced by B-cells. T-cells directly attack infected cells.
D: Lymphocytes can increase during an allergic response, but this does not specifically relate to immunity through antibody production by B-cells.
You may also like to solve these questions
The thymus gland role with the immune system is which of the following?
- A. Maturates B cells
- B. Maturates platelets
- C. Maturates red blood cells
- D. Maturates T cells
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Maturates T cells. The thymus gland is crucial for the maturation of T cells, a type of white blood cell that plays a central role in the adaptive immune response. T cells mature in the thymus through a process of selection and education, where they learn to distinguish self from non-self antigens. This process is essential for the development of a functional immune system. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the thymus gland does not play a role in the maturation of B cells, platelets, or red blood cells, respectively.
After assessing a patient, a nurse develops a standard formal nursing diagnosis. What is the rationale for the nurse’s actions?
- A. To form a language that can be encoded only by nurses
- B. To distinguish the nurse’s role from the physician’s role
- C. To develop clinical judgment based on other’s intuition
- D. To help nurses focus on the scope of medical practice
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because developing a formal nursing diagnosis helps nurses focus on their scope of practice, which includes identifying and addressing the patient's nursing care needs. By formulating a clear nursing diagnosis, nurses can prioritize interventions that are within their domain of expertise. This ensures efficient and effective patient care delivery.
A: Incorrect. Developing a nursing diagnosis is not about creating a language exclusive to nurses; it is about identifying patient care needs.
B: Incorrect. While nursing diagnoses do delineate the nurse's role, the primary purpose is not to distinguish it from the physician's role.
C: Incorrect. Nursing diagnoses are based on evidence and critical thinking, not solely on intuition or others' judgments.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take to maintain patient safety when ambulating a patient for the first time postoperatively?
- A. Use one person to assist patient.
- B. Use two people to assist patient.
- C. Encourage patient to “dangle” self 1 hour before ambulation.
- D. Give narcotic 15 minutes before ambulation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Use two people to assist the patient. This is the safest option as it provides optimal support and stability for the patient during their first postoperative ambulation. Two people can help prevent falls, ensure proper body mechanics, and offer immediate assistance if needed. Using one person (choice A) may not provide enough support. Encouraging the patient to "dangle" (choice C) may increase the risk of orthostatic hypotension. Giving a narcotic before ambulation (choice D) can impair the patient's balance and coordination, increasing the risk of falls.
In the operating room, personnel should be responsible for ensuring cleanliness, proper temperature, humidity, and lighting. Who carries those responsibilities?
- A. circulating nurse
- B. scrub nurse
- C. surgeon
- D. anesthesiologist
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: circulating nurse. The circulating nurse is responsible for maintaining cleanliness, ensuring proper temperature, humidity, and lighting in the operating room. They coordinate activities, manage supplies, and ensure a safe environment for the surgical team. The scrub nurse assists the surgeon with instruments and supplies, not environmental conditions. The surgeon's main focus is on performing the surgery, not environmental management. The anesthesiologist is responsible for administering anesthesia and monitoring the patient's vital signs, not the operating room environment.
A patient has iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following foods will best help provide dietary iron?
- A. Fresh fruits
- B. Dairy products
- C. Lean red meats
- D. Breads and cereals
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lean red meats. Lean red meats are a rich source of heme iron, which is more easily absorbed by the body compared to non-heme iron found in plant-based foods. Heme iron helps improve iron levels more effectively in individuals with iron deficiency anemia. Fresh fruits (A) and dairy products (B) contain minimal iron, while breads and cereals (D) provide non-heme iron which is not as readily absorbed.