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The nurse listens as the physician asks the patient to participate in a research study and realizes the physician is not adequately explaining the risks of the study. As they leave the patient's room, the nurse encourages the physician to go back and explain the risks more thoroughly. What role is this nurse playing in patient care?
- A. Teacher
- B. Caregiver
- C. Advocate
- D. Communicator
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse is acting as an advocate by ensuring the patient is fully informed before consenting to participate in the study. Advocacy in healthcare involves supporting and promoting the patient's rights, including the right to be fully informed about their care and treatment options. By advocating for the patient in this scenario, the nurse is prioritizing the patient's well-being and autonomy. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. The nurse is not acting as a teacher, caregiver, or communicator specifically in this scenario, but rather advocating for the patient's right to informed consent.
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What type of knowledge does the student gain in the pathophysiology classroom?
- A. Aesthetic
- B. Empirical
- C. Ethical
- D. Personal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the pathophysiology classroom, students gain empirical knowledge. This type of knowledge is based on scientific evidence and facts related to the physiological processes of diseases. Choice A (Aesthetic) pertains to beauty and artistic appreciation, not relevant in this context. Choice C (Ethical) relates to moral principles and conduct, which is not the primary focus of pathophysiology. Choice D (Personal) refers to information based on one's experiences or opinions, which is subjective and not the type of knowledge emphasized in a pathophysiology classroom.
What is the most caring response the nursing student can make in this situation?
- A. Tell the other students that they are being mean and then leave the table.
- B. Shame the students for being so uncaring and cruel.
- C. Ask the other students why they think the instructor is so picky.
- D. Laugh and tell a story of a personal reprimand received from the instructor.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Choosing to ask the other students why they think the instructor is so picky is a caring response as it opens up a constructive conversation. This approach can help shift the focus from making fun of the instructor to understanding the reasons behind their behavior, fostering empathy, and potentially promoting a more respectful environment. Option A may address the behavior but does not promote understanding. Option B focuses on shaming, which may escalate the situation. Option D diverts attention from the issue and may perpetuate a negative atmosphere.
How can a healthcare provider best address the spiritual aspect of caring for a patient?
- A. Explain the healthcare provider's spiritual beliefs to the patient.
- B. Ask the patient to explain their spiritual beliefs in detail.
- C. Ask what the patient requires to meet their spiritual needs.
- D. Consult with the family to understand the patient's spiritual needs.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most effective way for a healthcare provider to address the spiritual aspect of caring for a patient is by asking what the patient requires to meet their spiritual needs. This approach respects the patient's autonomy, acknowledges their individual beliefs, and allows for personalized and patient-centered care. Choices A and B are incorrect as they focus on the healthcare provider's or patient's beliefs rather than the patient's needs. Choice D involves consulting with the family, which may not accurately reflect the patient's own spiritual needs and preferences.
According to Watson's theory, how should the nurse manager deal with a staff member who has a substance addiction and is arriving at work under the influence of the substance?
- A. Send the nurse home with instructions not to return until clear of the substance.
- B. Call the police and have the nurse arrested for working while impaired.
- C. Confront the nurse privately, order drug testing, and suggest a substance abuse program.
- D. Notify the board of nursing and fire the nurse immediately.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: According to Watson's theory, a caring approach is essential. Confronting the nurse privately, ordering drug testing, and suggesting a substance abuse program demonstrates empathy and supports the staff member in seeking help for their addiction. This approach aligns with the principles of human caring and compassion, focusing on the well-being and recovery of the individual rather than punitive measures. Choices A and D are too harsh and lack empathy, not considering the individual's well-being or offering support for rehabilitation. Choice B is inappropriate and punitive, not aligned with a caring and compassionate approach as advocated by Watson's theory.
What does valuing respect for the individual as defining high-quality patient care describe about the nurse's approach to patient care?
- A. Critical thinking
- B. Caritas
- C. Paradigm
- D. Hierarchy of needs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Valuing respect for the individual as defining high-quality patient care describes the nurse's paradigm, which is the overall way of thinking and approaching patient care that guides their actions and decisions. It reflects their fundamental beliefs and values regarding patient interactions and care delivery. Critical thinking involves analyzing information objectively and evaluating situations to make informed decisions. Caritas refers to acts of loving kindness and compassionate care in nursing practice. The hierarchy of needs is a theory that describes the hierarchical nature of human needs, such as physiological needs, safety needs, and social needs.