Concepts of Family Health Care

Concepts of Family Health Care Related

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The nurse notes that a patient with AIDS is prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim). For which opportunistic infection should the nurse realize that is this medication indicated?

  • A. Tuberculosis
  • B. Cytomegalovirus retinitis
  • C. Mycobacterium avium complex
  • D. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is indicated for prophylaxis and treatment of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, a common opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS. This medication combination is effective in preventing this specific infection due to its spectrum of antimicrobial activity against Pneumocystis jiroveci. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is not primarily indicated for tuberculosis, cytomegalovirus retinitis, or Mycobacterium avium complex.

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The nurse is reviewing the use of a condom to prevent the transmission of HIV with a young adult patient seeking testing for HIV. Which patient statement indicates an understanding of how to use a condom?

  • A. Use a non-latex condom.
  • B. Apply adequate oil-based lubricant.
  • C. Apply condom before penile erection occurs.
  • D. Withdraw from partner while the penis is erect.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because withdrawing from the partner while the penis is erect helps prevent leakage of semen and reduces the risk of HIV transmission. Applying a condom before penile erection (Choice C) is incorrect as it may lead to condom slippage. Using a non-latex condom (Choice A) is important for those with latex allergies, but it doesn't address proper condom use. Applying oil-based lubricant (Choice B) is incorrect as it can weaken latex condoms, increasing the risk of breakage.

In considering intervention choice points, where should a family practitioner begin?

  • A. Couple dyadic-Experiential
  • B. Family-Community/Behavioural-Interactional
  • C. Individual-Historical
  • D. Family-Community/Experiential
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Starting with family-community and behavioral-interactional approaches allows practitioners to assess systemic interactions and environmental influences first.

Is defined as an incompatibility of goals, beliefs, attitudes and behavior

  • A. Resolution
  • B. Self-esteem
  • C. Maladjustment
  • D. Adjustment
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Maladjustment is a conflict between internal states and behavior.

The theorist who believes in psychosocial stages of development is

  • A. Sigmund Freud
  • B. Carl Rogers
  • C. Abraham Maslow
  • D. Erik Erikson
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Erikson's 8 psychosocial stages define development through social conflicts.

Which of the following statements is true about the nature of acculturation?

  • A. High levels lead to better health
  • B. Lower levels lead to better health
  • C. Differing patterns within families may lead to intergenerational conflict
  • D. Levels are influenced mostly by length of time in the U.S.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Differing acculturation within families often causes conflict, affecting health dynamics.

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