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The nurse notes that a patient's fingertips are blue in color. What should this finding indicate to the nurse?
- A. Anemia
- B. Liver disease
- C. Hemosiderin
- D. Poor perfusion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cyanosis (blue discoloration) indicates poor perfusion or inadequate oxygenation of blood.
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During an assessment the nurse notes skin changes on the patient's elbows and knees. Which findings support that these changes are plaque psoriasis?
- A. Red raised areas with inconsistent borders
- B. Thick red plaques covered with silvery scales
- C. Large reddened areas of weeping and maceration
- D. Small raised and reddened areas with fluid-filled pustules
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Plaque psoriasis typically presents as thick red plaques with silvery scales, especially on extensor surfaces like elbows and knees, distinguishing it from other descriptions.
A teen has been taking griseofulvin(Fulvicin) for a fungal skin and scalp condition and reports that it is not working. Which action by the nurse is the most important?
- A. Assess for noncompliance with the regimen.
- B. Discuss changing medications with the provider.
- C. Prepare to administer the drug as an injection.
- D. Tell the teen it takes nearly 6 months to work.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should assess the teen for compliance with the medication regimen, because it takes at least 6 weeks for this medication to work.
When assessing a lesion diagnosed as malignant melanoma, the nurse most likely expects to note which of the following?
- A. A smooth, uniform lesion
- B. A small, red bump
- C. An irregularly shaped lesion
- D. A painful, oozing sore
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Malignant melanoma typically presents with asymmetry, irregular borders, and varying colors, distinguishing it from benign lesions.
A nurse teaches a client to perform total skin self-examinations on a monthly basis. Which statement should the nurse include in this client's teaching?
- A. Look for asymmetry of shape and irregular borders.
- B. Assess for color variation within each lesion.
- C. Examine the distribution of lesions over a section of the body.
- D. Monitor for edema or swelling of tissues.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clients should be taught to examine each lesion following the ABCDE features associated with skin cancer, including asymmetry of shape and border irregularity.
The clinic nurse is assessing the skin of a white client who is diagnosed with psoriasis. Which of the following characteristic is associated with this skin disorder?
- A. Red, inflamed patches
- B. Thick, oozing sores
- C. Small, fluid-filled blisters
- D. Silvery-white scaly patches on the scalp, elbow, knees, and sacral regions
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Psoriasis is characterized by silvery-white scales over red plaques, commonly on the scalp, elbows, knees, and sacral area.