Nokea
The nurse prepares a 25-year-old woman for a cesarean section. The patient says she had major surgery several years ago and asks if she will receive a similar 'shot' before surgery. The nurse's response should be based on an understanding that the preoperative medication given before a cesarean section
- A. contains a lower overall dosage of medication than is given before general surgery.
- B. contains reduced amounts of sedatives and hypnotics than are given before general surgery.
- C. contains reduced amounts of narcotics than are given before general surgery.
- D. contains medications similar in type and dosages to those given before general surgery.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Preoperative medications for cesarean sections typically include reduced amounts of narcotics to minimize the risk of respiratory depression in the newborn, as narcotics cross the placental barrier. Sedatives and hypnotics are used in similar doses as in general surgery, and the overall dosage is not necessarily lower.
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A nurse is teaching a patient about the use of albuterol (Proventil) for asthma. Which of the following instructions should be included?
- A. Use this medication daily to prevent asthma attacks.
- B. Use this medication only when you feel short of breath.
- C. Use this medication at bedtime.
- D. Use this medication before exercise.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol, a rescue inhaler, is used before exercise to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm. It’s not for daily prevention, symptom-only use, or bedtime dosing.
Steam inhalation is prescribed for a client. Which of the following safety precautions should the nurse include in the client's instructions?
- A. Use distilled water in the humidifier.
- B. Keep the humidifier filled to the top with water.
- C. Turn the humidifier off when not in use.
- D. Clean the humidifier every 2 weeks.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Turning off the humidifier when not in use prevents electrical hazards and bacterial growth. Distilled water is ideal but not critical, overfilling is unnecessary, and cleaning frequency depends on use.
What is the appropriate ratio of cardiac compressions to ventilations in an adult client for one-person CPR?
- A. 5:01
- B. 1:05
- C. 15:02
- D. 2:15
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The appropriate ratio for adult CPR is 15 compressions to 2 ventilations.
An adult is to have a paracentesis performed today. What should the nurse do before the procedure?
- A. Encourage the client to drink large amounts of fluids
- B. Ask the client to empty her bladder just before the test
- C. Keep the client NPO until after the procedure
- D. Premedicate the client as ordered
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Emptying the bladder before paracentesis prevents accidental puncture of the bladder during needle insertion into the abdominal cavity. Fluid intake, NPO status, or premedication are not immediate pre-procedure priorities.
A nurse is assessing a newborn who is 1 hour old. Which of the following findings should be reported to the healthcare provider? (Select all that apply)
- A. Respiratory rate of 50 breaths per minute
- B. Nasal flaring
- C. Grunting
- D. Temperature of 36.5°C (97.7°F)
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Nasal flaring and grunting indicate respiratory distress, requiring immediate reporting. A respiratory rate of 50 and temperature of 36.5°C are normal for a newborn.