The nurse preparing an educational seminar on sexually trans...

The nurse preparing an educational seminar on sexually transmitted infections for female college students should advise that which 2 infections are leading causes of pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility?

A. Genital herpes and HIV
B. Gonorrhea and chlamydia
C. Human papillomavirus and syphilis
D. Yeast and trichomoniasis

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Gonorrhea and chlamydia (B) are bacterial infections that commonly cause pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility if untreated. Other options are less associated with these outcomes.

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Which procedures are appropriate for the nurse to use when obtaining an adult client's blood for a laboratory test? Select all that apply.

A. Avoid the arm on the affected side after a mastectomy
B. Do not make further attempts to draw blood if unsuccessful on first 2 attempts
C. If necessary to use an arm with IV infusing, draw proximal to infusion point
D. Insert the needle bevel up at a 15-degree angle to the skin
E. Obtain a finger capillary specimen from the middle of the finger pad

Correct Answer: A,B,C

Rationale: Avoiding the mastectomy side (A), limiting attempts to two (B), and drawing proximal to an IV (C) are correct. A 15-degree angle (D) is for IVs, not phlebotomy, and capillary samples avoid the finger pad center (E).

The nurse is planning an approach to decrease urinary incontinence in an elderly client. Which activity will do the most to help prevent incontinence?

A. Restrict fluids until continence has been achieved and then hydrate well.
B. Offer the bedpan at two-hour intervals during the day and every four hours at night.
C. Encourage the client to ambulate frequently and have the client do deep breathing exercises.
D. Encourage fluids during the day and offer the bedpan every two hours.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Adequate hydration and frequent toileting (every two hours) promote bladder health and reduce incontinence. Fluid restriction or unrelated exercises are ineffective.

A client who had bowel surgery is to be NPO for several days. The nurse anticipates that the client will have an order for:

A. diet therapy.
B. enteral nutrition.
C. parenteral nutrition.
D. nasogastric tube feedings.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Parenteral nutrition provides nutrients intravenously for clients NPO post-bowel surgery, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract.

The nurse is preparing to administer a scheduled vaccine to a pediatric client with hemophilia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.

A. Administer ibuprofen for pain relief.
B. Apply a warm compress to the injection site.
C. Hold firm pressure to the injection site for 5 minutes.
D. Massage the injection site to disperse the medication.
E. Use the smallest bore and shortest needle length indicated.

Correct Answer: C,E

Rationale: Firm pressure for 5 minutes (C) and using a small, short needle (E) minimize bleeding in hemophilia. Ibuprofen (A) increases bleeding risk, warm compresses (B) may worsen bleeding, and massage (D) can cause hematoma.

A client has been on lithium carbonate therapy for 7 days. Which of the following findings would be most important to report to the health care provider?

A. Diarrhea, vomiting, and mild tremor
B. Dry mouth and mild thirst
C. Hyperactivity and auditory hallucinations
D. Lithium level of 1.3 mEq/L (1.3 mmol/L)

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Diarrhea, vomiting, and tremor (A) suggest lithium toxicity, requiring immediate reporting. Dry mouth (B) is common, hallucinations (C) are unrelated, and a lithium level of 1.3 (D) is within therapeutic range.