Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition - Caring for Clients With Disorders of Coronary and Peripheral Blood Vessels

Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition - Caring for Clients With Disorders of Coronary and Peripheral Blood Vessels Related

Review Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition - Caring for Clients With Disorders of Coronary and Peripheral Blood Vessels related questions and content

The nurse provides care to a menopausal client who states, 'I read a news article that says I am at risk for coronary vascular disease due to inflammation.' Which method should the nurse suggest to the client to aid in the prevention of inflammation that can lead to atherosclerosis?

  • A. Addressing obesity
  • B. Avoiding the use of caffeine
  • C. Taking a daily multivitamin
  • D. Drinking at least 2 liters of water a day
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Coronary Vascular Disease (CVD) indicates a relationship between body fat and the production of inflammatory and thrombotic (clot-facilitating) proteins. This information suggests that decreasing obesity and body fat stores via exercise, dietary modification, or developing drugs that target proinflammatory proteins may reduce risk factors for heart disease. The risk for CVD accelerates for clients after menopause due to withdrawal of endogenous estradiol levels, which can worsen many traditional CVD risk factors, including body fat distribution. Avoiding the use of caffeine, using a multivitamin, and drinking at least 2 liters of water a day are not actions that will address the prevention of inflammation that can lead to atherosclerosis.

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A client is scheduled for a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) immediately following confirmed diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. The client is overtly anxious and crying. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

  • A. Everything will be fine. Your family is here for you
  • B. Don't cry; you have the best team of doctors
  • C. Would you like something to calm your nerves?
  • D. Tell me what concerns you most
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Allowing the client to share feelings tends to relieve or reduce emotional distress. Telling a client that everything is fine negates the feelings they are expressing. Telling a client not to cry can be viewed as insensitive to the feelings being expressed. Providing a prescribed sedative may be helpful but does not address the fears and concerns of the client.

Which assessment finding by the nurse is the most significant finding suggestive of aortic aneurysm?

  • A. High blood pressure
  • B. Severe back pain
  • C. Abdomen bruit
  • D. Nausea and vomiting
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A pulsating mass or a bruit in the abdomen over the mass is most suggestive of aortic aneurysm. Severe back pain, nausea, and high blood pressure are all symptoms associated with aortic aneurysm but not as independently suggestive.

Which nursing actions would be of greatest importance in the management of a client preparing for angioplasty?

  • A. Inform client of diagnostic tests
  • B. Remove hair from skin insertion sites
  • C. Assess distal pulses
  • D. Withhold anticoagulant therapy
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The nurse knows to withhold the anticoagulant therapy to decrease chance of hemorrhage during the procedure. The nurse does inform the client of diagnostic test, will assess pulses, and prep the skin prior to the angioplasty, but this is not the most important action to be taken.

The nurse is presenting a workshop at the senior citizens center about how the changes of aging predispose clients to vascular occlusive disorders. What would the nurse name as the most common cause of peripheral arterial problems in the older adult?

  • A. Arteriosclerosis
  • B. Coronary thrombosis
  • C. Atherosclerosis
  • D. Raynaud's disease
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of peripheral arterial problems in the older adult. The disease correlates with the aging process. The other choices may occur at any age.

The nurse is caring for a client who is status postoperative from a vein stripping. What would the nurse monitor for in the client?

  • A. Swelling in the inoperative leg
  • B. Blood on the dressing on the inoperative leg
  • C. Warm, pink toes in the inoperative leg
  • D. Swelling in the operative leg
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When the client returns from surgery with a gauze dressing covered by elastic roller bandages on the operative leg, the nurse monitors for swelling in the operative leg(s) and its effect on circulation.

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