Nokea
The nurse reads the new medications orders for a 4-year-old child with nephrotic syndrome on the chart below: Orders D/C prednisolone 40 mg PO Daily Prednisolone 30 mg PO QOD The nurse should:
- A. Discontinue the prednisolone 40 mg and give the 30 mg dose today.
- B. Check the medication record first to see when the last dose of prednisolone was given.
- C. Start the 30 mg dose tomorrow.
- D. Contact the prescriber for clarification.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clarification ensures correct dosing.
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A 17-year-old female with severe nodular acne is considering treatment with isotretinoin (Accutane). Prior to beginning the medication, the nurse explains that the client will be required to:
- A. Enroll in a risk management plan.
- B. Egypt in a risk management plan.
- C. Begin an effective form of birth control.
- D. Temporarily give up sports.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Isotretinoin has a high risk of teratogenicity, requiring strict contraception to prevent pregnancy during treatment. A risk management plan (e.g., iPLEDGE) is also required, but the most critical initial step emphasized is effective birth control.
A child is admitted to the pediatric unit with the diagnosis of severe gastroenteritis. To prevent spread of the disease the nurse should?
- A. Institute standard precautions.
- B. Place the child in a semiprivate room.
- C. Serve meals with eating utensils that can be sterilized.
- D. Single-bag all linens.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Standard precautions prevent the spread of infectious gastroenteritis.
The nurse formulates the nursing diagnosis Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than body requirements related to negative feeding patterns for a 5-month-old infant diagnosed with failure to thrive. To meet the short-term outcomes of the infant's plan of care, the nurse should expect to do which of the following?
- A. Instruct the parents in proper feeding techniques.
- B. Give infant formula that has 24 calories/ounce.
- C. Provide consistent staff to care for the infant.
- D. Allow the infant to sit in a high chair during feedings.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Teaching proper feeding techniques corrects negative patterns, improving intake. Higher-calorie formula or consistent staff are secondary, and high chairs are unsuitable for a 5-month-old.
The nurse notes that an infant stares at an object placed in her hand and takes it to her mouth, coos and gurgles when talked to, and sustains part of her own weight when held in a standing position. The nurse correctly interprets these findings as characteristic of an infant at which of the following ages?
- A. 2 months.
- B. 4 months.
- C. 7 months.
- D. 9 months.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: These milestones (visual tracking, mouthing objects, cooing, and partial weight-bearing) are typical at 4 months.
The nurse judges that the mother understands the term cerebral palsy when she describes it as a term applied to impaired movement resulting from which of the following?
- A. Injury to the cerebrum caused by viral infection.
- B. Malformed blood vessels in the ventricles caused by inheritance.
- C. Nonprogressive brain damage caused by injury.
- D. Inflammatory brain disease caused by metabolic imbalances.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cerebral palsy is characterized by nonprogressive brain damage from injury, often occurring before, during, or shortly after birth, leading to impaired movement.