Nokea
The nurse recognizes that the reading in an arterial gas report indicates the amount of oxygen dissolved in the plasma.
Correct Answer: PaO2
Rationale: The PaO2 reading indicates the amount of oxygen dissolved in the plasma.
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Exposure to an asthma trigger can cause which aspect of asthma to occur next?
- A. Inflammatory process in the mast cells of the lungs
- B. Increase in edema and mucus production in the bronchioles
- C. Release of histamine
- D. Narrowing of the airways
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The allergen activates the mast cells in the lungs, which release histamine, causing an increase in edema and mucus production that narrows the airways and causes the classic signs of asthma.
The nurse explains that the opening between the vocal cords is the ___.
Correct Answer: glottis
Rationale: The glottis is the opening between the vocal cords.
Which action is the purpose of the cilia?
- A. Warm and moisturize inhaled air.
- B. Sweep debris toward nasal cavity.
- C. Stimulate cough reflex.
- D. Produce mucus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cilia are fine hairlike processes on the outer surfaces of small cells that produce a motion that sweeps the debris toward the nasal cavity. Large particles that are swept away stimulate the cough reflex, but not the cilia themselves.
How will the kidneys respond in respiratory acidosis?
- A. Retain bicarbonate to increase the pH.
- B. Excrete more urine to reduce potassium.
- C. Concentrate the urine to conserve circulating fluid in the bloodstream.
- D. Lower the pH by excretion of bicarbonate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In respiratory acidosis, the pH is low. The kidneys will retain bicarbonate to increase the pH.
A patient, age 22, is admitted with acute asthma. The patient shows a pulse oximetry level of SaO2 of 82%. How should the nurse interpret this?
- A. Only 82% of the red blood cells are able to use oxygen.
- B. There is only 82% of oxygen bound to the hemoglobin compared with the amount available.
- C. Eighteen percent of oxygen is not dissolved in the blood.
- D. The muscular respiratory effort is only 18% effective.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An SaO2 of 82% indicates that only 82% of the available oxygen is bound to the hemoglobin.