Nokea
The nurse refused to perform a procedure she is not trained to do. This is an example of?
- A. Accountability
- B. Responsibility
- C. Negligence
- D. Malpractice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Refusing an untrained procedure is responsibility (B) knowing limits, per duty. Accountability (A) owns actions, negligence (C) and malpractice (D) imply error. B ensures safe practice, making it correct.
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A client with renal calculi is being taught about dietary management. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should increase my intake of calcium-rich foods.
- B. I should decrease my intake of calcium-rich foods.
- C. I should increase my intake of sodium-rich foods.
- D. I should decrease my intake of potassium-rich foods.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because decreasing the intake of calcium-rich foods can help manage and prevent the formation of renal calculi. Excessive calcium intake can contribute to the formation of these stones, so reducing calcium-rich foods is a key dietary modification for individuals with renal calculi. Choice A is incorrect as increasing calcium-rich foods can exacerbate the condition. Choice C is incorrect because increasing sodium-rich foods can lead to more stone formation due to increased calcium excretion. Choice D is incorrect as potassium-rich foods do not directly contribute to the formation of renal calculi.
Which of the following statement is TRUE about patient's bill of rights?
- A. The client can leave anytime he wants even against medical advice
- B. The client has no right to refuse treatment
- C. The hospital can deny treatment in emergency cases
- D. The client has the right to considerate care only from nurses
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client can leave anytime, even against medical advice (A), per autonomy in the bill of rights AMA discharge is legal. No right to refuse (B) is false, hospitals can't deny emergencies (C) per EMTALA, considerate care isn't nurse-only (D). A upholds patient choice, making it true.
Which of the following statement best describe nursing informatics?
- A. A type of surgery
- B. Use of technology in nursing
- C. A medical diagnosis
- D. A cultural practice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nursing informatics is use of technology in nursing (B), per definition e.g., EHRs for care. Not surgery (A), diagnosis (C), culture (D) tech-focused. B best defines informatics' role, making it correct.
Which are goals of nursing theory?
- A. Provide knowledge and a rationale for client interventions
- B. Provide a rationale for appropriate nursing actions in a given situation
- C. Identify and define concepts that are important to nursing
- D. Provide a definition for nursing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nursing theory serves as a foundational framework, guiding practice with clear goals. It provides knowledge and a rationale for client interventions, explaining why specific actions like wound care techniques benefit patients, rooted in conceptual understanding. It offers a rationale for appropriate nursing actions, ensuring responses to situations, such as pain management, are logical and effective. Identifying and defining concepts important to nursing like health or caring clarifies the discipline's focus, fostering consistency. Increasing the nursing body of knowledge expands its intellectual base through theoretical development. However, it doesn't provide a single definition for nursing, instead directing it toward a common purpose across diverse interpretations. These goals unify nursing, bridging theory to practice, and equip nurses to deliver informed, purposeful care that adapts to client needs and evolves with new insights.
A 5-month-old infant is admitted to the ER with a temperature of 103.6°F and irritability. The mother states that the child has been listless for the past several hours and that he had a seizure on the way to the hospital. A lumbar puncture confirms a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. The nurse should assess the infant for:
- A. Periorbital edema
- B. Tenseness of the anterior fontanel
- C. Positive Babinski reflex
- D. Negative scarf sign
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tenseness of the anterior fontanel is a key sign of bacterial meningitis in a 5-month-old, indicating increased intracranial pressure from infection, alongside fever, irritability, and seizures. Periorbital edema isn't typical, a positive Babinski is normal at this age, and a negative scarf sign relates to tone, not pressure. Nurses assess this bulging fontanel urgently, as it signals worsening inflammation, guiding immediate antibiotic and supportive care to prevent brain damage or death in this critical condition.