Nokea
The nurse understands that the client is responding favorably to a prescription for colchicine when there is a decrease in which sign/symptom?
- A. Headaches
- B. Joint inflammation
- C. Blood glucose level
- D. Serum triglyceride level
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Colchicine is classified as an antigout agent. It interferes with the ability of the white blood cells to initiate and maintain an inflammatory response to monosodium urate crystals. The client should report a decrease in pain and inflammation in affected joints, as well as a decrease in the number of gout attacks. The other options are not related to the use of this medication.
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A client with a diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism is prescribed calcitonin (Miacalcin). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?
- A. Hypercalcemia.
- B. Hypocalcemia.
- C. Hyperkalemia.
- D. Hypoglycemia.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Calcitonin lowers serum calcium levels, so the nurse should monitor for hypocalcemia as a potential side effect.
Which federal law is most closely associated with the highly restrictive 'need to know'?
- A. The Patient Self Determination Act
- B. The Mental Health Parity Act
- C. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
- D. The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) enforces the 'need to know' principle, restricting access to protected health information to only those who require it for their job functions.
A primary concern of the hospitalized adolescent is:
- A. Respect for the need for privacy.
- B. Allowing parents to visit after hours.
- C. Wearing a hospital gown.
- D. The fear of loss of control when in pain.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adolescents value autonomy and privacy, which is a primary concern during hospitalization, as it supports their developmental need for independence.
A client has a positive sputum culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is prescribed streptomycin as part of the treatment. The nurse determines that the client is experiencing a toxic effect of the medication when which test result is abnormal?
- A. Vision testing
- B. Hepatic enzymes
- C. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
- D. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: BUN and creatinine are measured during therapy with streptomycin because the medication is nephrotoxic. Vision testing is done during treatment with ethambutol. The client taking isoniazid for tuberculosis is at risk for hepatotoxicity. Hemoglobin and hematocrit are not specifically related to tuberculosis.
Which procedure should be avoided in order to help prevent the transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from a positive pregnant mother to her fetus during the intrapartum period?
- A. Cesarean birth
- B. Epidural anesthesia
- C. External fetal heart rate monitoring
- D. Direct (internal) fetal heart rate monitoring
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Health care professionals must use caution during the intrapartal period to reduce the risk of the transmission of HIV to the fetus. Any procedure that exposes blood or body fluids from the mother to the fetus should be avoided. Direct (internal) fetal monitoring is a procedure that may expose the fetus to maternal blood or body fluids and therefore should be avoided. None of the remaining options are invasive measures that place the fetus at risk in the intrapartum period.