Nokea
The nurse who works in a sleep clinic knows that approximately __________% of adults experience some form of sleep disorder.
- A. 10 to 20.
- B. 30 to 40.
- C. 50 to 60.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (30 to 40%). This range is supported by research indicating that around 30-40% of adults experience some form of sleep disorder. This percentage reflects the prevalence of various sleep disorders such as insomnia, sleep apnea, and restless leg syndrome among adults. The range of 10 to 20% (choice A) is too low based on current data. Likewise, the range of 50 to 60% (choice C) is too high and does not align with the established prevalence rates of sleep disorders in adults. "None of the above" (choice D) is incorrect as there is a documented prevalence of sleep disorders in adults, making it necessary to provide an estimate within a certain range.
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A patient who has been physically abused says, 'When I called the police, I just wanted my spouse to stop shoving me around and kicking me. I didn't want anyone to get in trouble. It's easy to get angry with me because I spend too much money.' Which nursing intervention would be most therapeutic for this patient?
- A. You feel your spouse was justified in the abuse because you overspent?'
- B. Tell your spouse that if this happens again, I'll report it to the police.'
- C. Your spouse abuses you when you overspend. So you think it will stop if you stop spending money?'
- D. I can understand that you don't want to press charges, but your spouse needs help controlling anger.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it focuses on therapeutic communication by reflecting the patient's feelings and thoughts back to them without judgment. By repeating the patient's words, the nurse shows empathy and understanding, which can help build trust and rapport. Choices B and D may escalate the situation and go against the patient's wishes, potentially causing further harm. Choice C assumes a causal relationship between overspending and abuse, which is not appropriate and may blame the victim. Overall, choice A promotes a non-judgmental and supportive environment, which is crucial in addressing issues of abuse.
Which of the following statements by your ADHD childs parents indicate they need further teaching?
- A. We will establish firm but reasonable limits on his behavior
- B. We will give him his medication at night so it wont decrease his appetite
- C. We will set him up in a special program at his school so we he will get extra attention
- D. We will work to ensure he gets 8 hours of sleep a night
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Stimulant medications are given for treatment of ADHD. These can cause insomnia if given later in the day.
Which of the following is a technique used to address stuttering?
- A. Purposeful speech
- B. Practical speech
- C. Delayed speech
- D. Prolonged speech
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prolonged Speech: A technique teaching new speech patterns to address stuttering, altering phrasing, articulation, and respiratory patterns.
Which aspect of assessment has priority when a nurse interviews a rape victim?
- A. Coping mechanisms the patient is using
- B. The patient's previous sexual experiences
- C. Adequacy of the patient's interpersonal relationships
- D. Whether the patient has ever had a sexually transmitted disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Coping mechanisms the patient is using. This aspect has priority because it helps the nurse assess the immediate emotional and psychological impact of the trauma on the victim. Understanding coping mechanisms can guide the nurse in providing appropriate support and interventions. Choice B is incorrect as past sexual experiences are not as pertinent during the immediate assessment of a rape victim. Choice C is incorrect as assessing interpersonal relationships may not be a priority during the initial interview. Choice D is incorrect as the presence of a sexually transmitted disease is not the primary concern when assessing a rape victim.
According to Freud, an individual who experiences problems during the phallic stage of development may have a poorly developed superego. This construct is most relevant to planning care for a client who has the DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of:
- A. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
- B. Schizoid personality
- C. Borderline personality disorder
- D. Antisocial personality disorder
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Freud's phallic stage is when the superego develops.
Step 2: Antisocial personality disorder is associated with a poorly developed superego.
Step 3: Individuals with antisocial personality disorder often lack empathy and have a disregard for rules.
Step 4: This behavior aligns with Freud's concept of a weak superego.
Step 5: Therefore, the correct answer is D, Antisocial personality disorder.
Summary: A: Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is characterized by perfectionism, not related to a weak superego. B: Schizoid personality is marked by social detachment, not directly linked to superego development. C: Borderline personality disorder involves instability in relationships and self-image, not specifically tied to superego development.