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The nurse working in the ophthalmology clinic sees clients with eyelid and eye problems. What information should the nurse understand about these disorders? (Select all that apply.)
- A. A chalazion is an inflammation of an eyelid sebaceous gland.
- B. An ectropion is the eyelid turning outward.
- C. An entropion is the eyelid turning outward.
- D. A hordeolum is an infection of the eyelid sweat gland.
- E. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is caused by drugs or diseases.
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: A chalazion is an inflammation of one of the sebaceous glands in the eyelid. A hordeolum is an infection of a sweat gland in the eyelid. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca can be caused by drugs or diseases. An ectropion is an outward turning and sagging eyelid, while an entropion is an inward turning of the eyelid.
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A client had a retinal detachment and has undergone surgical correction. What discharge instruction is most important?
- A. Avoid reading, writing, or close work.
- B. Blind the lights in your house for at least a work.
- C. Keep the follow-up appointment with the ophthalmologist.
- D. Remove the eye patch to instill eyedrops.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After surgery for retinal detachment, the client is advised to avoid reading, writing, and close work because they cause rapid eye movements that could disrupt healing. Dim lights are not indicated, keeping postoperative appointments is important but not specific to retinal detachment, and the eye patch is not removed for eyedrops.
A client asks why blindness occurred from glaucoma. What explanation by the nurse is best?
- A. Because eye pressure was too high, the tissue died.
- B. Glaucoma always leads to permanent blindness.
- C. The traumatic damage to your eye was too great.
- D. The infection occurs so quickly, it can be treated.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glaucoma is caused when the intraocular pressure becomes too high and stays high long enough to cause tissue ischemia and death. At that point, vision loss is permanent. Glaucoma does not always cause blindness, trauma is not the most common cause, and glaucoma is not an infection.
An older client has decided to give up driving due to cataracts. What assessment information is most important to collect?
- A. Family history of visual problems
- B. Impact on daily activities
- C. History of falls
- D. Access to transportation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cataracts can significantly impair vision, affecting the client's ability to perform daily activities safely. Assessing the impact on daily activities is critical to understanding the client's needs and planning appropriate interventions. Family history, falls, and transportation access are relevant but secondary to the immediate impact on daily functioning.
A client is taking timolol (Timoptic) eyedrops. The nurse assesses the clients pulse at 50 beats/min. What action by the nurse is best?
- A. Administer the eyedrops as ordered.
- B. Assess the client for excessive salivation.
- C. Assess the client for shortness of breath.
- D. Hold the eyedrops and notify the provider.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Timolol is a beta blocker that can slow the heart rate. A pulse of 50 beats/min warrants holding the eyedrops and notifying the provider. Excessive salivation and shortness of breath are not typically related to timolol.
A client is seen in the ophthalmology clinic with bacterial conjunctivitis. Which statements by the client indicate correct understanding? (Select all that apply.)
- A. I won't wipe my eyes with the same cloth and share my towel.
- B. Eye irrigation should be done with warm saline or water.
- C. I have been prescribed antibiotics for my infection.
- D. I won't touch the tip of the eyedrop bottle to my eye.
- E. When the infection is gone, I can wear my contacts again.
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Bacterial conjunctivitis is very contagious, and re-infection or cross-contamination must be avoided. Not touching the eyedrop bottle tip to the eye and using prescribed antibiotics are correct actions. Sharing towels, improper irrigation, or premature contact lens use can worsen or spread the infection.