Nokea
The nurse working with elderly clients should keep in mind that falls are most likely to happen to elderly who are:
- A. in their 80s.
- B. living at home.
- C. hospitalized.
- D. living on only Social Security income.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elder people are particularly prone to falling and incurring serious injury, especially in new situations and environments (such as the hospital).
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The nurse is caring for a client in the late stages of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Which of these pieces of equipment is the priority for the client to have access to in the home?
- A. A wheelchair
- B. A hospital bed with trapeze
- C. A communication board
- D. A suction machine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In late-stage ALS, clients often lose the ability to speak due to muscle weakness. A communication board is critical to ensure the client can express needs and maintain communication.
A nurse is working with one licensed practical nurse (PN), a student nurse and an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). Which newly admitted clients would be most appropriate to assign to the UAP?
- A. A 76-year-old client with severe depression
- B. A middle-aged client with an obsessive compulsive disorder
- C. An adolescent with dehydration and anorexia
- D. A young adult who is a heroin addict in withdrawal with hallucinations
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The UAP can be assigned to care for a client with a chronic condition after an initial assessment by the nurse. This client has minimal risk of instability of condition.
The nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client about preventing transmission of the hepatitis A virus. Which of these instructions is most appropriate?
- A. Get the hepatitis A vaccine before traveling to endemic areas.'
- B. Avoid sexual contact until the infection is resolved.'
- C. Take antiviral medications as prescribed.'
- D. Use condoms to prevent transmission.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hepatitis A is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent infection, especially before travel to endemic areas.
The client makes the following statements to the home health nurse. Which statement requires the nurse to intervene immediately?
- A. "I can't lift pans from the back burners, but I can manage just fine by using the front burners of my stove."
- B. "I almost fell down the stairs, so I bought myself a pair of slippers with nonskid soles."
- C. "The grass near the sidewalk will be dead because my son insists on putting salt on the icy sidewalk."
- D. "My home is less costly to heat when I use my gas oven with the oven door open to heat just my living areas."
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Using a gas oven for heating risks carbon monoxide poisoning, requiring immediate intervention to prevent a life-threatening situation.
The nurse has been teaching adult clients about cardiac risks when they visit the hypertension clinic. Which evaluation data would best measure learning?
- A. Performance on written tests
- B. Responses to verbal questions
- C. Completion of a mailed survey
- D. Reported behavioral changes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reported behavioral changes. If the client alters behaviors such as smoking, drinking alcohol, and stress management, these suggest that learning has occurred. Additionally, physical assessments and lab data may confirm risk reduction.