Nokea
The nurse would assess an older adult client who is receiving sedatives or hypnotics for an increased risk for which of the following?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Paradoxical reactions
- C. Dizziness
- D. Confusion
- E. Ataxia
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: The older adult client is at greater risk for oversedation, dizziness, confusion, ataxia, and paradoxical reactions to sedative and hypnotic drugs.
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A nurse suggests melatonin to a client traveling overseas on a 2-week business trip to help with jet lag. The nurse would alert the client to the possibility of which adverse reaction?
- A. Depression
- B. Hypotension
- C. Headache
- D. Dry mouth
- E. Constipation
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: The nurse should advise the client that headache, depression, and allergic reaction are possible adverse reactions that can occur with the use of melatonin.
A 14-year-old client with insomnia is prescribed estazolam. After administering the drug, the nurse would assess the client for which of the following as an adverse reaction?
- A. Muscle pain
- B. Chest pain
- C. Heartburn
- D. Taste change
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: One of the adverse reactions of estazolam is heartburn. Muscle pain is an adverse reaction of zolpidem tartrate. Chest pain and taste change are caused by eszopiclone.
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about sedatives and hypnotics. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as an example of a barbiturate-type hypnotic and sedative drug?
- A. Pentobarbital
- B. Eszopiclone
- C. Zolpidem
- D. Triazolam
- E. Secobarbital
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Pentobarbital and secobarbital are examples of barbiturate-type hypnotic and sedative drugs. Eszopiclone and zolpidem are nonbenzodiazepine sedative and hypnotic drugs. Triazolam is a benzodiazepine sedative and hypnotic drug.
The nurse should withhold the hypnotic drug if assessment reveals which of the following?
- A. Respiratory rate is below 10 breaths/min.
- B. Blood glucose is above 200 mg/dL.
- C. The client appears lethargic.
- D. Blood pressure drops significantly.
- E. The client is having trouble sleeping.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: The nurse should hold the hypnotic drug if the respiratory rate is below 10 breaths/min, the client appears lethargic, or the blood pressure drops significantly. Difficulty sleeping is the indication for administering the drug. Blood glucose is unrelated to the use of hypnotics.
After teaching a group of students about sedatives and hypnotics, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as an example of a benzodiazepine-type hypnotic and sedative drug?
- A. Temazepam
- B. Eszopiclone
- C. Secobarbital
- D. Triazolam
- E. Zaleplon
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Temazepam and triazolam are examples of benzodiazepine-type hypnotic and sedative drugs.