Nokea
The nurse would evaluate that the patient understands what triggers allergic rhinitis by which of the following patient responses?
- A. “Injected medications.”
- B. “Ingested food and medications.”
- C. “Topical creams and ointments.”
- D. “Airborne pollens and molds.”
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because airborne pollens and molds are common triggers for allergic rhinitis. Understanding these triggers helps in avoiding exposure and managing symptoms. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not specifically relate to allergic rhinitis triggers, focusing instead on other forms of medication or topical applications. By understanding airborne triggers, the patient can take appropriate preventive measures.
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The most effective pharmacologic agent for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease is:
- A. Levodopa
- B. Selegilene
- C. Permax
- D. Symmetrel
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Levodopa. Levodopa is the most effective pharmacologic agent for Parkinson's disease as it is converted to dopamine in the brain, replenishing dopamine levels which are depleted in Parkinson's. Selegiline and Symmetrel provide symptomatic relief but are not as effective as Levodopa. Permax is not commonly used due to its association with serious side effects like heart valve damage.
A pregnant client with hypertension and cardiac dysrhythmias is admitted to the hospital. Which of the following imbalances should the nurse check for?
- A. Metabolic acidosis
- B. Hypernatremia
- C. Hypomagnesemia
- D. Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hypomagnesemia.
1. Hypertension and cardiac dysrhythmias can be exacerbated by low magnesium levels.
2. Magnesium plays a crucial role in maintaining normal heart rhythm and blood pressure.
3. Hypomagnesemia can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and worsen hypertension.
4. Metabolic acidosis (A) is not directly related to hypertension and dysrhythmias.
5. Hypernatremia (B) and hypercalcemia (D) are less likely to be associated with cardiac issues in this context.
In summary, checking for hypomagnesemia is essential due to its direct impact on the client's hypertension and cardiac dysrhythmias.
Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention to prevent infection in patients with AIDS?
- A. Prohibiting patients who are severely immunodeficient from having any visitors.
- B. Prohibiting visitors with a cough.
- C. Wearing protective gear such as gown, mask, gloves, and goggles when entering the room.
- D. Ensuring protective barrier isolation precautions are in place.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Wearing protective gear such as gown, mask, gloves, and goggles when entering the room is crucial to prevent infection in patients with AIDS. This intervention helps to minimize the risk of transmitting pathogens to the patient and vice versa. The protective gear acts as a barrier to prevent the spread of infectious agents. It also protects healthcare workers from exposure to potentially harmful pathogens.
Prohibiting visitors who are severely immunodeficient (choice A) may be isolating for the patient and does not directly address preventing infection transmission. Prohibiting visitors with a cough (choice B) is important but does not cover all potential sources of infection. Ensuring protective barrier isolation precautions are in place (choice D) is a general statement and does not specify the practical steps needed to prevent infection transmission effectively.
A new nurse is completing an assessment on an 80-year-old patient who is alert and oriented. The patient’s daughter is present in the room. Which action by the nurse will require follow-up by the charge nurse?
- A. The nurse makes eye contact with the patient.
- B. The nurse speaks only to the patient’s daughter.
- C. The nurse leans forward while talking with the patient.
- D. The nurse nods periodically while the patient is speaking.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the nurse should primarily communicate with the patient, not just the daughter. This ensures patient-centered care and respects the patient's autonomy. Speaking only to the daughter may undermine the patient's dignity and may lead to incomplete information gathering. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are appropriate nursing communication techniques that facilitate rapport-building and active listening with the patient. Making eye contact, leaning forward, and nodding are all positive non-verbal cues that show engagement and attentiveness to the patient, promoting effective communication and building trust.
A nurse is evaluating goals and expected outcomes for a confused patient. Which finding indicates positive progress toward resolving the confusion? NursingStoreRN
- A. Patient wanders halls at night.
- B. Patient’s side rails are up with bed alarm activated.
- C. Patient denies pain while ambulating with assistance.
- D. Patient correctly states names of family members in the room.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the patient correctly stating names of family members in the room indicates improved cognitive function and memory recall, which are positive signs of progress in resolving confusion. This demonstrates improved orientation and ability to recognize familiar individuals. Choices A and B indicate safety concerns and risk of falls, which are not related to resolving confusion. Choice C indicates pain management and mobility but does not directly reflect improvement in cognitive status.