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The nurse would observe a child for frequent swallowing after a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A). What might this indicate?
- A. Bleeding from the surgical site
- B. Pain at the incision area
- C. Sore throat from postnasal drip
- D. Potential vomiting
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hemorrhage is the most common postoperative complication. Blood trickling down the back of the child's throat could cause frequent swallowing.
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The first child of a couple is being treated for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). They ask how to prevent this from happening with the child they are currently expecting. What will the nurse explain as the best way to prevent BPD?
- A. Maternal intake of folic acid
- B. Exercise
- C. Prevention of preterm birth
- D. Provision of oxygen therapy to the newborn
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The prevention of preterm birth is the best way to prevent BPD, as it is associated with prematurity and prolonged ventilation.
The school nurse suspects a first-grade student has sinusitis. Which symptoms might lead the nurse to this suspicion? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Child reports tooth pain.
- B. Severe wheezing is auscultated on inspiration.
- C. Child reports, 'I have had a cold for 2 weeks.'
- D. Nurse observes periorbital swelling.
- E. Halitosis is present.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: The proximity of the sinus to the tooth roots often results in tooth pain when the sinus is infected.
What is the best intervention for the nurse caring for a child experiencing an acute asthma attack?
- A. Offer plenty of fluids, particularly carbonated beverages.
- B. Place the child in a humidified cool mist tent with oxygen.
- C. Administer sedatives as ordered to decrease anxiety.
- D. Position the child with arms resting on the overbed table.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This position is comfortable and allows maximum use of the accessory muscles for breathing.
What would the nurse teaching an asthmatic child the technique of pursed-lip breathing include? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Inhale deeply through nose with mouth closed.
- B. Make exhalation twice as long as inhalation.
- C. Use medicated inhaler prior to perform breathing exercise.
- D. Exhale through mouth as if whistling.
- E. Exhale forcefully.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: The technique requires that breath be inhaled through the nose and exhaled through pursed lips in a nonforceful manner.
What is the best choice for fluid replacement that the nurse can offer a child who has just had a tonsillectomy?
- A. A popsicle
- B. Chocolate milk
- C. Orange juice
- D. Cola drink
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Small amounts of clear liquids can be offered to the child. Synthetic fruit juices are not as irritating as natural juices. A popsicle is usually well-tolerated.