Nokea
The nursing instructor is discussing drug therapy in the older adult. What would the instructor tell the students could affect therapeutic dosing in an older adult?
- A. In older adults, drugs have decreased GI absorption.
- B. In older adults
- C. In older adults, drugs are distributed to a smaller portion of the tissue.
- D. In older adults, drugs have an increased action.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Decreased GI absorption in older adults can reduce drug bioavailability, necessitating dosage adjustments.
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If 10 mg of naproxen produces the same analgesic response as 100 mg of ibuprofen, which of the following statements is correct?
- A. Naproxen is more efficacious than is ibuprofen
- B. Naproxen is more potent than ibuprofen
- C. Naproxen is full agonist, and ibuprofen is a partial agonist
- D. Naproxen is a competitive antagonist
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lower dose for the same effect indicates naproxen is more potent (lower EC50) than ibuprofen.
Success rates for smoking cessation using NRT:
- A. Are about the same regardless of the method chosen
- B. Vary from 40% to 50% at 12 months
- C. Both 1 and 2
- D. Neither 1 nor 2
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Success rates are similar across NRT methods (e.g., gum, patch), typically 20-25% at 12 months.
A 60 year old male patient with a history of postural hypotension has just been diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Which ONE of the following drugs is most suitable for the management of his condition?
- A. Prazosin
- B. Terazosin
- C. Doxazosin
- D. Tamsulosin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tamsulosin, a selective alpha-1A blocker, minimizes postural hypotension compared to non-selective options.
A nurse manager is reviewing the facility's policies for IV therapy with the members of his team. The nurse manager should remind the team that which of the following techniques helps minimize the risk of catheter embolism?
- A. Performing hand hygiene before and after IV insertion
- B. Rotating IV sites at least every 72 hr
- C. Minimizing tourniquet time
- D. Avoiding reinserting the needle into an IV catheter
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Avoiding needle reinsertion prevents shearing of the catheter, reducing embolism risk.
Etidronate is prescribed for a postmenopausal woman who is at great risk for developing osteoporosis. Which of the following adverse effects to this drug is the patient most likely to experience?
- A. Tetany
- B. Cholelithiasis
- C. Esophagitis
- D. Renal damage from calcium stone formation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bisphosphonates like etidronate commonly cause esophagitis if not taken properly.