Nokea
The occupational health nurse is planning health promotion activities for a group of factory workers. Which activity is an example of primary prevention for clients at risk for low back pain?
- A. Teach back exercises to workers after returning from an injury.
- B. Place signs in the work area about how to perform first aid.
- C. Start a weight-reduction group to meet at lunchtime.
- D. Administer a nonnarcotic analgesic to a client complaining of back pain.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weight reduction reduces spinal stress, a primary prevention strategy for low back pain. Post-injury exercises are secondary, first aid signs are tertiary, and analgesics treat symptoms, not prevent.
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Which is the best technique for the nurse to use when applying the elastic bandage to the client's lower extremity?
- A. Making figure-eight turns with the bandage
- B. Making spiral-reverse turns with the bandage
- C. Making recurrent turns with the bandage
- D. Making spica turns with the bandage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The figure-eight technique provides even compression and support around the ankle joint, stabilizing it while allowing some flexibility. Spiral-reverse turns are better for cylindrical limbs, recurrent turns are used for stumps, and spica turns are typically for larger joints like the hip or shoulder.
The home health nurse is caring for clients who had a THR through the posterior surgical approach 2 weeks ago. It is most important for the nurse to intervene immediately for which client?
- A. After a THR, the client should not flex the hip greater than 90 degrees or have adduction of the hip because it can cause hip dislocation. Wearing socks that do not have grippers on the bottom increases the client's risk for a fall.
- B. After a THR the client may sit at 90 degrees.
- C. After a THR the client may lie supine.
- D. After a THR the client may be up. However, this client should be wearing shoes or gripper socks or slippers to prevent a fall.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. After a THR, the client should not flex the hip greater than 90 degrees or have adduction of the hip because it can cause hip dislocation. Wearing socks that do not have grippers on the bottom increases the client's risk for a fall.
The nurse is caring for a client with a right below-the-knee amputation. There is a large amount of bright red blood on the client's residual limb dressing. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
- A. Notify the client's surgeon immediately.
- B. Assess the client's blood pressure and pulse.
- C. Reinforce the dressing with additional dressing.
- D. Check the client's last hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reinforcing the dressing controls bleeding, the priority in hemorrhage. Notifying the surgeon, assessing vitals, and checking labs are secondary.
The nurse correctly instructs the client to avoid which type of fluid?
- A. Milk
- B. Alcohol
- C. Cranberry juice
- D. Carbonated drinks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alcohol, especially beer, increases uric acid production and reduces its excretion, worsening gout. Milk, cranberry juice, and carbonated drinks are generally safe unless otherwise contraindicated.
Which nursing instruction about heating pads is essential to include in the client's teaching plan?
- A. Set the heating pad to the highest setting.
- B. Place the heating pad directly on the skin.
- C. Cover the heating pad with plastic during use.
- D. Apply the heating pad for 2 hours at a time.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A low setting prevents burns while providing therapeutic heat.