Nokea
The organ most seriously affected by secondary amyloidosis in patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is
- A. kidney
- B. lung
- C. nerve
- D. heart
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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Immunotherapy provides symptomatic improvement in all of the following EXCEPT
- A. ragweed allergy
- B. local reaction to bee sting
- C. anaphylaxis to a wasp sting
- D. house dust mite allergy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A healthcare professional is reviewing the laboratory results of a child who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following findings should the professional expect?
- A. Hypoalbuminemia
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Polyuria
- D. Hyperglycemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In nephrotic syndrome, there is excessive loss of protein in the urine, leading to hypoalbuminemia. This results in decreased oncotic pressure, causing fluid to shift into the interstitial spaces, leading to edema. Hyperkalemia, polyuria, and hyperglycemia are not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome.
A 6-month-old infant is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse should notify the practitioner and withhold the medication if the apical pulse is less than _______ beats/min.
- A. 60
- B. 70
- C. 90 to 110
- D. 110 to 120
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Digoxin is a medication commonly used to treat infants with heart conditions. One of the primary concerns with digoxin therapy is the risk of toxicity, which can lead to serious cardiac arrhythmias. Bradycardia, or a heart rate less than 60 beats per minute, is a common sign of digoxin toxicity. Therefore, if a 6-month-old infant receiving digoxin has an apical pulse rate of less than 60 beats/min, the nurse should notify the practitioner and withhold the medication to prevent further complications.
A school-age child with chronic renal failure is admitted to the hospital with a serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L. Which prescribed medication should the nurse plan to administer?
- A. Spironolactone (Aldactone)
- B. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
- C. Lactulose (Cephulac)
- D. Calcium carbonate (Calcitab)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L indicates hyperkalemia, which can be dangerous for a child with chronic renal failure. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) is a medication commonly used to treat hyperkalemia by exchanging sodium ions for potassium ions in the intestine, promoting the elimination of excess potassium through the gastrointestinal tract. This helps lower the serum potassium levels and prevent complications associated with hyperkalemia. Spironolactone (Aldactone) is a potassium-sparing diuretic and should be avoided in a child with hyperkalemia. Lactulose (Cephulac) is a laxative and does not directly address high potassium levels. Calcium carbonate (Calcitab) is a calcium supplement and is not indicated for managing hyperkalemia.
Although children with Wilms tumor have a favorable prognosis, there are some adverse prognostic factors in children with Wilms tumor EXCEPT
- A. large tumors
- B. anaplastic histology
- C. loss of heterozygosity at chromosome 1p and 16q
- D. young age at diagnosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.