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The parent of an 8-year-old client asks the nurse for guidance on how to help the client cope with the recent death of the other parent. When developing a response to the parent, the nurse considers that a school-aged child is most likely to do what?
- A. React anxiously to altered daily routines
- B. Realize that death eventually affects everyone
- C. Think about the religious or spiritual aspects of death
- D. Understand that death is permanent but be curious about it
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: School-aged children (around 8 years old) typically understand death's permanence and may exhibit curiosity about it, which can guide coping strategies. A is more common in younger children. B and C are more typical of adolescents, who have more abstract thinking.
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The nurse is talking with the parent of a 6-year-old client about how to share details of the client's adoption. Which of the following thought processes would be consistent with the expected cognitive development of the client?
- A. feels responsible for being placed for adoption
- B. imagines what life would be like with the biological family
- C. worries about what peers will say or think about being adopted
- D. defies adoptive parents and asks for information about birth parents
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: At age 6, children can imagine scenarios like life with biological parents, consistent with concrete operational thinking. Other options reflect older or atypical development.
An African American client comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit 2 months after starting enalapril for hypertension. Which client statement should be reported to the health care provider immediately?
- A. Is there anything I can take for my dry, hacking cough?
- B. My blood pressure this morning was 158/84 mm Hg.
- C. Sometimes I feel a little dizzy when I stand up.
- D. Will you look at my tongue? It feels thicker than normal.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A thicker tongue may indicate angioedema, a rare but life-threatening side effect of enalapril (an ACE inhibitor), requiring immediate reporting. A (dry cough) and C (dizziness) are common side effects that warrant monitoring but are less urgent. B indicates suboptimal blood pressure control, which requires follow-up but is not immediately life-threatening.
The nurse is caring for a client with Cushing syndrome. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect? Select all that apply.
- A. Hyperglycemia
- B. Hypertension
- C. Hyponatremia
- D. Truncal obesity
- E. Weight loss
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Cushing syndrome causes hyperglycemia, hypertension, and truncal obesity due to excess cortisol. Hyponatremia and weight loss are not typical.
What is the best way that parents of pre-schoolers can begin teaching their child about injury prevention?
- A. Set good examples themselves
- B. Protect their child from outside influences
- C. Make sure their child understands all the safety rules
- D. Discuss the consequences of not wearing protective devices
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Set good examples themselves. The preschool years are the time for parents to begin emphasizing safety principles as well as providing protection. Setting a good example themselves is crucial because of the imitative behaviors of pre-schoolers, they are quick to notice discrepancies between what they see and what they are told.
The nurse is planning a staff education program about intimate partner violence. Which of the following information should the nurse include? Select all that apply.
- A. Intimate partner violence is most common in high-income families.
- B. Intimate partner violence is rare in same-sex partnerships.
- C. The abusive partner often demonstrates jealousy and possessiveness.
- D. Victims may not leave due to financial concerns or fear of harm by the abuser.
- E. Violence against a female often intensifies during pregnancy.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Jealousy/possessiveness, barriers to leaving (financial/fear), and increased violence during pregnancy are accurate. Violence is not limited to high-income families and occurs in same-sex partnerships.