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The parents of a child, age 6, who will begin school in the fall ask the nurse for anticipatory guidance. The nurse should explain that a child of this age:
- A. Still depends on the parents
- B. Rebels against scheduled activities
- C. Is highly sensitive to criticism
- D. Loves to tattle
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A 6-year-old child is typically highly sensitive to criticism as they are developing self-esteem and are influenced by feedback from adults and peers.
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In Asia, the following hepatitis virus appears to be a significant cause of viral myocarditis
- A. hepatitis E virus
- B. hepatitis B virus
- C. hepatitis C virus
- D. hepatitis D virus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hepatitis E virus has been identified as a significant cause of viral myocarditis in Asia.
Cataracts are recognised in:
- A. Hyperthyroidism
- B. Down syndrome
- C. Graves' disease
- D. PKU
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cataracts are a recognized feature in Down syndrome. They are not typically associated with Hyperthyroidism, Graves' disease, or PKU.
A hospitalized client with chemotherapy-induced stomatitis complains of mouth pain. What is the best initial nursing action?
- A. Encourage frequent mouth care
- B. Cleanse the tongue and mouth with glycerin swabs
- C. Obtain a soft diet for the client
- D. Administer a topical analgesic per PRN protocol.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Administering a topical analgesic provides immediate pain relief, allowing the client to tolerate mouth care and other interventions.
An asymptomatic 45-year old male with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation and normal echo, refused cardioversion while suggested. The next optimal management strategy for him is
- A. Sedate and cardiovert against patient wishes
- B. Aspirin
- C. Anticoagulation
- D. Rate control
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rate control is the optimal management strategy for asymptomatic atrial fibrillation when cardioversion is refused.
While caring for a client with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), the nurse performs a neurological assessment every four hours. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
- A. Inappropriate laughter
- B. Increasing anxiety
- C. Weakened cough effort
- D. Asymmetrical weakness
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A weakened cough effort can lead to respiratory complications, which are life-threatening in ALS patients.