Nokea
The parents of a child suffering from depression ask the nurse what causes depression in children. Which answer is an appropriate response by the nurse?
- A. The causes of major depression are unknown.
- B. Major affective disorders in parents increase depression in children.
- C. Boys are more likely than girls to be depressed.
- D. The prevalence rate is higher in prepubescent children.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The causes of depression have not been established. However, many studies have shown that children have a three times greater rate of suffering from depression if their parents have a major affective disorder.
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How should the nurse measure urinary output for an infant with dehydration?
- A. Attaching a urine collecting bag
- B. Wringing out the diaper
- C. Weighing the diaper
- D. Inserting a catheter
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Wet diapers are weighed to assess the amount of output.
What assessment findings should lead the nurse to suspect Down syndrome in a newborn?
- A. Hypertonia and dark skin
- B. Low-set ears and a simian crease
- C. Inner epicanthal folds and a high, domed forehead
- D. Long, thin fingers and excessive hair
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Manifestations of the Down syndrome infant include low-set ears, simian crease, protruding tongue, and hypotonic extremities.
What is the main characteristic of cystic fibrosis?
- A. Multiple upper respiratory infections
- B. An underproduction of exocrine glands
- C. Excessive, thick mucus
- D. An overproduction of thin mucus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis includes excessive, thick mucus.
When caring for a 7-week-old infant with hypothyroidism, the nurse explains that the prevention of what complication is dependent on the administration of oral thyroid replacement therapy and is critical for the child?
- A. Excessive growth
- B. Cognitive impairment
- C. Damage to the nervous system
- D. Damage to the urinary system
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The treatment of choice for congenital and acquired hypothyroidism is oral thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Prompt treatment is especially critical in the infant with congenital hypothyroidism to avoid permanent cognitive impairment.
The mother of a child with acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) asks why her child must be kept NPO. Which responses would be the most correct?
- A. The epinephrine given causes nausea and vomiting.
- B. The child is being hydrated with IV fluids.
- C. The child is not hungry.
- D. The child's rapid respirations pose a risk for aspiration.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rapid respirations predispose to aspiration. The child is kept hydrated with IV fluids, but this is not the reason that the child must be kept NPO.