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The patient is admitted to the emergency department having suffered frostbite to the hands which are grayish-white in color. What action should the nurse implement when attempting to warm the hands?
- A. Have the patient rub the hands together briskly.
- B. Wipe the hands vigorously with a warm towel.
- C. Run tepid water over the hands to warm slowly.
- D. Wrap the hands in hot moist towels.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Warming the hands in moist towels will warm the hands slowly. Friction of frozen body parts should be avoided.
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When other methods have failed to stop the bleeding and the victim's life is in danger the rescuer at the scene applies a tourniquet to a young woman's leg above the knee. What is another step that is essential for the rescuer to follow?
- A. Never release the tourniquet.
- B. Wrap the tourniquet around the limb twice.
- C. Mark the patient with a "T."
- D. Leave the limb elevated.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A tourniquet must never be released once it is in place. All other options are enhancements to the procedure of the tourniquet application, but not essential.
A patient has been stung by a bee and is brought to the emergency department. The nurse observes the sting site and identifies that the stinger is still in the skin. What action should the nurse take?
- A. Remove it with sterile tweezers.
- B. Soak the area with a cold compress.
- C. Scrape the stinger with the side of a knife.
- D. Squeeze the surrounding tissue to expel the stinger.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The stinger should be removed with the side of a knife by scraping to avoid forcing more venom into the skin.
The Good Samaritan law will protect all people who offer assistance. What is necessary for this protection?
- A. A license
- B. The person acts prudently
- C. Licensed supervision
- D. The patient improves
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Good Samaritan law will protect any person who follows a prudent course of action.
When administering first aid in emergency situations the nurse must first survey victims for severity of injuries. What term correctly describes this process?
- A. The Good Samaritan law
- B. An emergency interview
- C. Triage
- D. Taking vital signs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This process of patient classification is called triage.
The nurse is attempting to control bleeding in a patient with a profusely bleeding scalp wound. What is the most effective initial treatment of this bleeding?
- A. Elevate the head.
- B. Apply direct pressure.
- C. Apply an ice pack.
- D. Apply indirect pressure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most effective general treatment of bleeding is to apply direct pressure.