2019 ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam

2019 ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam Related

Review 2019 ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam related questions and content

The patient is discharged home and returns to the emergency department 4 days later. The patient is admitted to the ICU with acute decompensated HF with dyspnea at rest. The nurse anticipates administration of which medication?

  • A. Atropine
  • B. Carvedilol (Coreg)
  • C. Lisinopril (Prinivil)
  • D. Nesiritide (Natrecor)
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the scenario described, the patient presents with acute decompensated heart failure (HF) with dyspnea at rest, indicating severe symptoms. Nesiritide, a recombinant B-type natriuretic peptide, is commonly used in the management of acute decompensated HF to improve symptoms of dyspnea and congestion. It acts as a vasodilator and promotes natriuresis and diuresis, helping to alleviate the symptoms of heart failure exacerbation. While other medications like Carvedilol (Coreg) and Lisinopril (Prinivil) are commonly used in chronic HF management, in this acute scenario with severe symptoms, Nesiritide would be the appropriate medication to anticipate for administration in the ICU setting. Atropine is not indicated for acute decompensated heart failure.

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The nurse is administering Penicillin to a patient who has tested positive for strep throat. The nurse knows to look for which of the following adverse effects as a sign of an acute allergic reaction?

  • A. blurred vision
  • B. tinnitus
  • C. skin rash/hives
  • D. vomiting ATI PHARMACOLOGY LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 PROCTORED EXAM -STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS & ANS 100% CORRECTLY VERIFIED GRADED A+ ATI PHARMACOLOGY LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 PROCTORED EXAM -STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS & ANS 100% CORRECTLY VERIFIED GRADED A+
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When administering Penicillin, one of the adverse effects to watch out for as a sign of an acute allergic reaction is the development of a skin rash or hives. This reaction may indicate an allergic response to the medication. It is important for the nurse to monitor the patient closely for any signs of an allergic reaction, including skin changes, and to act promptly if such symptoms arise. An acute allergic reaction can progress to a severe life-threatening condition known as anaphylaxis, so prompt recognition and intervention are critical in such cases.

A patient is scheduled to receive chemotherapy drugs that will cause myelosuppression. Which action by the nurse will be most important?

  • A. Monitor for a change in temperature.
  • B. Evaluate gastrointestinal function.
  • C. Assess for evidence of cardiac compromise.
  • D. Question the patient about changes in sense of taste.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Myelosuppression, a common side effect of chemotherapy, leads to a decrease in white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. A drop in white blood cells, particularly neutrophils, increases the risk of infection. Monitoring for a change in temperature is critical because fever is often the first sign of infection in neutropenic patients. Early detection allows for prompt intervention, such as administering antibiotics, to prevent life-threatening complications. While gastrointestinal function, cardiac compromise, and changes in taste are important to assess, they are not as immediately life-threatening as an undetected infection in a myelosuppressed patient.

Basis for pharmacotherapeutics

  • A. Selective action of drugs with regard to diagnosis, preventive and treatment of disease
  • B. Bioavailability of drugs
  • C. Biologic half-life of drugs
  • D. Renal clearance and elimination of drugs
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The basis for pharmacotherapeutics lies in the selective action of drugs with regard to the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases. Pharmacotherapeutics involves the use of drugs to manage diseases and improve health outcomes. Drugs are carefully selected based on their mechanism of action, efficacy, safety profile, and suitability for a specific condition. The goal is to achieve optimal therapeutic effects while minimizing potential adverse effects. By understanding the selective action of drugs in targeting specific pathways or processes in the body, healthcare providers can customize treatment regimens to individual patients and achieve the best possible outcomes.

The nurse is administering Penicillin to a patient who has tested positive for strep throat. The nurse knows to look for which of the following adverse e昀昀ects as a sign of an acute allergic reaction?

  • A. blurred vision
  • B. tinnitus
  • C. skin rash/hives
  • D. vomiting
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: An acute allergic reaction to Penicillin can present with symptoms such as skin rash or hives. This is a common sign of an allergic reaction and can indicate the patient is having an adverse response to the medication. It is essential for the nurse to monitor the patient closely for any signs of allergic reactions, including hives, as they can quickly progress to more severe reactions such as anaphylaxis. Other adverse effects listed in the choices, such as blurred vision, tinnitus, and vomiting, are not typically associated with an acute allergic reaction to Penicillin.

A contraindication for topical corticosteroid usage in a male patient with atopic dermatitis (eczema) is:

  • A. Parasite infection.
  • B. Viral infection.
  • C. Bacterial infection.
  • D. Spirochete infection.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Topical corticosteroids can exacerbate viral infections, such as herpes simplex, by suppressing the immune response. They are contraindicated in the presence of viral infections to prevent worsening of the condition. Bacterial, parasitic, and spirochete infections are not absolute contraindications, although caution is advised.

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