Nokea
The patient's blood pressure is 140/60. Which value will the nurse record for the pulse pressure?
- A. 60
- B. 80
- C. 140
- D. 200
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pulse pressure is systolic minus diastolic: 140 - 60 = 80 . 60 is diastolic. 140 is systolic. 200 is unrelated. Choice B is correct, reflecting arterial pressure dynamics, a key nursing calculation.
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Which contraction generates the least force?
- A. Slow eccentric
- B. Fast eccentric
- C. Slow concentric
- D. Fast concentric
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Fast concentric. Fast concentric contractions generate the least force because the muscle shortens quickly, leading to lower tension production compared to slow concentric contractions. In fast eccentric contractions (choice B), the muscle lengthens quickly, which can produce more force as it resists against gravity or an external load. Slow eccentric contractions (choice A) involve controlled lengthening of the muscle, resulting in higher force production compared to fast concentric contractions. Slow concentric contractions (choice C) involve controlled shortening of the muscle, leading to higher force production than fast concentric contractions.
If a patient presents with a burn with damage to the epidermis but only partial damage to the dermis and has blistering, how is the burn classified?
- A. First degree or superficial
- B. Second degree or partial thickness
- C. Third degree or full thickness
- D. Unstageable
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Second degree or partial thickness. This type of burn involves damage to both the epidermis and the dermis, resulting in blistering. First-degree burns (A) only affect the epidermis. Third-degree burns (C) extend through the dermis into deeper tissues. Unstageable burns (D) are typically associated with pressure ulcers, not burns. In this case, the presence of blistering indicates partial damage to the dermis, making the burn a second-degree or partial thickness burn.
During which phase of throwing is the elbow joint placed under the most valgus stress?
- A. Follow-through
- B. Wind-up
- C. Early cocking
- D. Late cocking
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Late cocking. During late cocking phase of throwing, the arm is maximally externally rotated which places the elbow joint under the most valgus stress. This is due to the extreme abduction and extension of the arm at this stage, leading to increased valgus force on the elbow joint. In contrast, in the early cocking phase (choice C), the arm is in a more neutral position with less valgus stress. The wind-up phase (choice B) involves more shoulder and trunk movements rather than stressing the elbow joint. Follow-through phase (choice A) comes after the release of the ball and does not involve significant valgus stress on the elbow.
A 35-year-old man is seen in the clinic for an infection in his left foot. Which of these findings should the nurse expect to see during an assessment of this patient?
- A. Hard and fixed cervical nodes
- B. Enlarged and tender inguinal nodes
- C. Bilateral enlargement of the popliteal nodes
- D. Pelletlike nodes in the supraclavicular region
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Enlarged and tender inguinal nodes. Infections in the foot can lead to regional lymphadenopathy, causing enlargement and tenderness in the inguinal nodes closest to the affected area. This is a common sign of local infection.
A: Hard and fixed cervical nodes are not typical findings for an infection in the foot. Cervical nodes are located in the neck and would not be directly affected by a foot infection.
C: Bilateral enlargement of the popliteal nodes is not a common finding in foot infections. Popliteal nodes are located behind the knees and would not be directly involved in a foot infection.
D: Pelletlike nodes in the supraclavicular region are not expected findings for a foot infection. Supraclavicular nodes are located in the neck and are not typically involved in a localized foot infection.
A patient is taking medications to treat a heart arrhythmia. Which site should be used to assess pulse in this patient?
- A. Brachial
- B. Radial
- C. Dorsalis pedis
- D. Apical
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Arrhythmias disrupt peripheral pulse reliability, requiring a central site. Brachial and radial are peripheral, potentially missing beats. Dorsalis pedis is distal, less accurate for arrhythmias. Apical at the heart apex directly counts beats, unaffected by peripheral irregularities, making it correct. Choice D is standard for arrhythmia patients, ensuring accurate rate and rhythm assessment per cardiovascular nursing protocols.