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The pediatric nurse is instructing a young athlete and parent regarding tinea pedis. Which nursing advice best decreases frequent attacks?
- A. Provide meticulous nail care.
- B. Avoid being barefoot outside.
- C. Avoid white cotton socks.
- D. Rotate shoe use.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse is correct to instruct the client to rotate the use of different shoes allowing the shoes time to evaporate shoe moisture from use. The fungus particularly grows in dark, warm, moist areas. Eliminating the factors decreases the risk of further outbreaks. The other options are not necessary.
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A client has been diagnosed with melanoma. What treatment option can the nurse expect will be used?
- A. Cryosurgery
- B. Radical excision
- C. Radiation therapy
- D. Laser surgery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The treatment of a melanoma involves radical excision of the tumor and adjacent tissues, followed by chemotherapy. Laser surgery and cryosurgery are not used in the treatment of melanoma. Radiation is used in some types of cancer.
The nurse is caring for a client with a suspicious lesion on the client's head. The lesion is sore and resembles basal cell carcinoma. Which client finding is a risk factor for developing skin cancer?
- A. The client is a 2 pack/day cigarette smoker.
- B. The client has androgenetic alopecia.
- C. The client frequently works wearing hats.
- D. The client has a history of cystic acne.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse is correct to identify that the client with androgenetic alopecia or male pattern baldness is at risk for skin cancer. Due to the skin being exposed to the ultraviolet radiation of the sun, the client is at risk for malignant skin changes. Smoking cigarettes is a risk factor for many other types of cancer. Wearing hats and having acne is not a risk factor for skin cancer.
The nurse is caring for a client with a furuncle. What advice should the nurse give the client to prevent the spread of the infection?
- A. Keep hair short, clean, and away from the face and forehead.
- B. Never pick or squeeze a furuncle.
- C. Avoid the use of cosmetics.
- D. Use tepid bath water.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client with a furuncle should never pick or squeeze it as the drainage is infectious and this practice favors the spread of the infection. Infections by organisms that usually exist harmlessly on the skin surface cause furuncles. Keeping the hair short, clean, and away from the face and forehead, avoiding cosmetics, and using tepid bath water do not help in preventing the spread of a furuncle.
The home health nurse is caring for a client with scabies. When instructing on the proper procedure to wash preworn contaminated clothing, which nursing instruction is essential?
- A. Use commercial grade laundry detergent.
- B. Pretreat clothing where scabies contact existed.
- C. Wash clothes through two laundry cycles.
- D. Use hot water throughout wash cycle.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse is correct to instruct the client to use hot water throughout the wash cycle. Using hot water kills scabies and infectious agents on the laundry. If using the correct wash settings, the client does not need to use commercial-grade laundry detergent; the clothing does not need pretreated nor washed through two cycles.
The nurse has assessed a client's superficial fungal infection that began in the skin between the toes and has spread to the soles of the feet. How would the nurse document this finding?
- A. Tinea corporis
- B. Tinea capitis
- C. Tinea pedis
- D. Tinea cruris
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tinea pedis is an infection that begins in the skin between the toes and spreads to the soles of the feet. Tinea corporis is a skin infection of the body. Tinea capitis invades the hair shaft below the scalp. Tinea cruris is a skin infection of the groin.