Nokea
The physician has ordered Vancocin (vancomycin) 500 mg IV every 6 hours for a client with MRSA. The medication should be administered:
- A. IV push
- B. Over 15 minutes
- C. Over 30 minutes
- D. Over 60 minutes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vancomycin should be infused over at least 60 minutes to prevent adverse reactions such as red man syndrome.
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A client with frequent urinary tract infections asks the nurse how she can prevent the reoccurrence. The nurse should teach the client to:
- A. Douche after intercourse
- B. Void every 3 hours
- C. Obtain a urinalysis monthly
- D. Wipe from back to front after voiding
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Voiding every 3 hours prevents urine stasis, reducing the risk of bacterial growth and urinary tract infections.
The nurse is discharging a client with asthma who has a prescription for zafirlukast (Accolate). Which comment by the client would indicate a need for further teaching?
- A. I should take this medication with meals.'
- B. I need to report flulike symptoms to my doctor.'
- C. My doctor might order liver tests while I'm on this drug.'
- D. If I'm already having an asthma attack, this drug will not stop it.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Zafirlukast should be taken on an empty stomach for better absorption. The other statements are correct: flulike symptoms and liver monitoring are relevant, and zafirlukast is not a rescue medication.
The nurse working in the emergency department realizes that it would be contraindicated to induce vomiting if someone had ingested which of the following?
- A. Ibuprofen
- B. Aspirin
- C. Vitamins
- D. Gasoline
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Inducing vomiting after ingesting gasoline (a caustic substance) can cause aspiration or esophageal damage. Vomiting is safer for non-caustic substances like ibuprofen, aspirin, or vitamins.
A client with prostate cancer has been given the option of various treatments and asks the nurse for advice. Which of the following is the most appropriate response?
- A. Let's discuss the different options and how you feel about them.'
- B. I can't help you to make a treatment decision about your treatment.'
- C. You need to discuss this decision with your physician.'
- D. I would choose surgery if I were in your position.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Discussing options and feelings (A) supports the client's decision-making without giving direct advice. Other responses (B, C, D) dismiss the client's request or overstep the nurse's role.
The nurse is caring for a client receiving IV heparin therapy for a pulmonary embolism. Which lab values would the nurse expect to order on this client?
- A. hematocrit
- B. HDL and LDL
- C. PT, PTT, INR
- D. troponin level
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: PT, PTT, and INR are monitored to assess the therapeutic effect and safety of heparin, which affects blood clotting.