Nokea
The physician has prescribed Cobex (cyanocobalamin) for a client following a gastric resection. Which lab result indicates that the medication is having its intended effect?
- A. Neutrophil count of 4500
- B. Hgb of 14.2 g
- C. Platelet count of 250,000
- D. Eosinophil count of 200
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) treats pernicious anemia post-gastric resection; a hemoglobin of 14.2 g indicates effective correction of anemia.
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A child with achondroplasia will likely have which of the following physical characteristics?
- A. alopecia, failure to thrive, small face, recessed jaw
- B. enlarged hands and feet, skull expansion at fontanelle, enlarged tongue
- C. poor muscle tone, slanted eyes, single palmar crease
- D. dwarf stature, short fingers and toes, short proximal limbs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Achondroplasia causes dwarfism, short fingers/toes, and short proximal limbs due to impaired cartilage growth.
A client with AIDS tells the nurse that he regularly takes echinacea to boost his immune system. The nurse should tell the client that:
- A. Herbals can interfere with the action of antiviral medication
- B. Supplements have proven effective in prolonging life
- C. Herbals have been shown to decrease the viral load
- D. Supplements appear to prevent replication of the virus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Echinacea may interact with antiretroviral medications, potentially reducing their effectiveness.
The mother calls the clinic to report that her newborn has a rash on his forehead and face. Which action is most appropriate?
- A. Tell the mother to wash the face with soap and apply powder.
- B. Tell her that 30% of newborns have a rash that will go away by one month of life.
- C. Report the rash to the doctor immediately.
- D. Ask the mother if anyone else in the family has had a rash in the last six months.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Newborn rashes, such as erythema toxicum, are common and typically resolve spontaneously within weeks, requiring no immediate intervention.
Following procurement of organs from a standard criteria donor (donor younger than 50 years who suffered brain death), within what time period should the heart and lungs be transplanted?
- A. 4-6 hours
- B. 8-12 hours
- C. 24 hours
- D. 36 hours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Heart and lungs have a short ischemic tolerance, requiring transplantation within 4-6 hours (A) to ensure viability. Longer periods (B, C, D) risk organ failure.
The nurse is reviewing labs on a group of adult clients. Which lab value would prompt the nurse to immediately notify the health care provider?
- A. hemoglobin 4.8 g/dL
- B. troponin T 0.04 ng/mL
- C. phosphorus 3.8 mg/dL
- D. bilirubin (total) 0.7 mg/dL
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hemoglobin of 4.8 g/dL is critically low, indicating severe anemia and requiring immediate provider notification. Other values are normal or near-normal.