Nokea
The physician refers the client with unstable angina for a cardiac catheterization. The nurse explains to the client that this procedure is being used in this specific case to:
- A. Open and dilate blocked coronary arteries.
- B. Assess the extent of arterial blockage.
- C. Bypass obstructed vessels.
- D. Assess the functional adequacy of the valves and heart muscle.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cardiac catheterization in unstable angina assesses the extent of coronary artery blockage to guide interventions like angioplasty or bypass surgery.
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A client who has undergone a subtotal thyroidectomy is subject to complications in the first 48 hours after surgery. The nurse should obtain and keep at the bedside equipment to:
- A. Begin total parenteral nutrition.
- B. Start a cutdown infusion.
- C. Administer tube feedings.
- D. Perform a tracheotomy.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tracheotomy equipment is essential due to the risk of airway obstruction from swelling or hemorrhage post-thyroidectomy.
The nurse is teaching a client about a newly prescribed doxycycline. Which of the following statements, if made by the client, would require further teaching? Select all that apply.
- A. I should take this medication with milk or cheese.
- B. If I develop foul-smelling diarrhea I should contact my doctor.
- C. I need to wear sunscreen outdoors while taking this medication.
- D. I can stop this medication when I feel better.
- E. I should take this medication on an empty stomach.
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Doxycycline should not be taken with dairy products like milk or cheese (Choice A) because calcium can bind to the medication and reduce its absorption. Choice D is incorrect because antibiotics like doxycycline should be taken for the full prescribed course to prevent resistance and ensure complete treatment. Choice B is correct; foul-smelling diarrhea could indicate a serious infection like Clostridium difficile. Choice C is correct; doxycycline causes photosensitivity, requiring sunscreen. Choice E is correct; taking doxycycline on an empty stomach improves absorption.
What is the nurse's best response to a client with MS experiencing spasticity?
- A. Administer a sedative.
- B. Teach stretching exercises.
- C. Restrict all movement.
- D. Apply cold compresses.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Teaching stretching exercises helps manage spasticity in multiple sclerosis.
The nurse has received a prescription for tenofovir and emtricitabine. The nurse understands that this medication is used to treat
- A. multiple sclerosis.
- B. human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
- C. Parkinson's disease.
- D. Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tenofovir and emtricitabine (Truvada) are antiretroviral medications used to treat and prevent HIV. They are not used for multiple sclerosis (A), Parkinson’s disease (C), or Guillain-Barré syndrome (D).
A client with chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia has a platelet count of 18,000/mm³. Which nursing intervention is most important?
- A. Administer aspirin for pain.
- B. Monitor for signs of bleeding.
- C. Encourage vigorous oral hygiene.
- D. Restrict visitors.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A platelet count of 18,000/mm³ indicates severe thrombocytopenia, making monitoring for bleeding (e.g., petechiae, epistaxis) the most important intervention to prevent complications.