Nokea
The preoperative nurse is ready to perform a skin prep with povidone-iodine on a patient who is about to have abdominal surgery. Which allergies, if present, would be a contraindication to this prep solution?
- A. Peanuts
- B. Shellfish
- C. Adhesives
- D. Latex
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Povidone-iodine, a widely used antiseptic, cannot be used in patients who are allergic to iodine or have shellfish allergies.
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A child is being treated for head lice with spinosad. Which of these statements about treatment with spinosad is true? (Select all that apply.)
- A. You will need a prescription for a second product, malathion.
- B. You will also need to decontaminate clothes and personal items.
- C. Be sure to use a nit comb to remove nits from the hair shafts.
- D. Try combing through the hair with mineral oil to loosen the lice from the hair shafts.
- E. It is not necessary to comb the nits when using spinosad.
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: The clothing and personal articles of the infested person must be decontaminated. This is best accomplished by washing them in hot, soapy water or by dry cleaning them. Spinosad offers the benefit of not requiring nit combing as do the other treatments, and is a single treatment drug.
A patient is considering taking oral aloe supplements and asks the nurse about potential problems with this therapy. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
- A. Aloe is not taken orally; it is only used topically to aid in wound healing.
- B. Aloe is used by some to treat constipation; it may cause diarrhea.
- C. This is a safe herbal supplement, with no known drug interactions.
- D. This is a safe herbal supplement, with no known adverse effects.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The dried juice of the leaves of the aloe plant contains anthranoids, which give aloe a laxative effect when taken orally. The topical application of the plant juice has been known for years to help the healing of wounds. Common adverse effects include diarrhea, nephritis, abdominal pain, and dermatitis when used topically.
A 55-year-old obese patient was diagnosed with candidiasis in the skin folds under her breasts. When the nurse sees her at a follow-up visit 2 months later, she complains that it has returned. She said she applied the medicine for 1 week and stopped because the itching stopped and the cream was messy. Which statement is true regarding fungal infections of the skin?
- A. Fungal infections often require prolonged therapy.
- B. The patient has a new infection now.
- C. The patient needs to apply a dressing if the cream is too messy.
- D. This infection will probably never be cured.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Topical fungal infections are difficult to treat and may require prolonged therapy of several weeks to as long as 1 year. Occlusive dressings should not be applied unless recommended by the medication's manufacturer.
A teenage boy is taking tretinoin for acne. Which statement will the nurse include in the teaching plan?
- A. Avoid foods that are heavy in salt and oils.
- B. This drug may cause increased redness of your skin.
- C. Try using an abrasive cleanser to remove old skin layers.
- D. Being out in the sunlight will help your skin heal.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tretinoin may cause increased redness and drying, and the patient needs to avoid weather extremes, ultraviolet light, and abrasive cleansers. Certain foods do not need to be avoided.
Which adverse effects will the nurse expect in a teenage patient who is using topical tretinoin? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Crusted skin
- B. Itching
- C. Altered skin pigmentation
- D. Rosacea
- E. Red and edematous blisters
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Some of the most common adverse effects of tretinoin are excessively red and edematous blisters, crusted skin, and temporary alterations in skin pigmentation.