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The price of an item increased from $9.00 to $10.00. What percentage did the price increase by?
- A. 5%
- B. 11.11%
- C. 20%
- D. 25%
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To calculate the percentage increase, subtract the original price from the new price, then divide the result by the original price and multiply by 100. In this case, the increase is $10.00 - $9.00 = $1.00. $1.00 divided by $9.00 is approximately 0.1111, which equals 11.11%, making choice B the correct answer. Choice A, 5%, is too low as the increase is more than 5%. Choice C, 20%, and choice D, 25%, are too high, exaggerating the actual increase of $1.00.
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How many ounces are in 3/4 pints?
- A. 12 ounces
- B. 16 ounces
- C. 14 ounces
- D. 10 ounces
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To find the number of ounces in 3/4 pints, we need to know that 1 pint is equal to 16 ounces. Therefore, 3/4 of a pint would be 3/4 * 16 = 12 ounces. The correct answer is 12 ounces because 3/4 pints is equivalent to 12 ounces. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately calculate the conversion from pints to ounces.
The physician ordered 20 mg of Tylenol per kg of body weight; on hand is 80 mg per tablet. The child weighs 12 kg. How many tablets will you give?
- A. 1 tablet
- B. 3 tablets
- C. 2 tablets
- D. 4 tablets
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To calculate the total dose of Tylenol for the child weighing 12 kg, multiply the weight by the ordered dose: 12 kg x 20 mg/kg = 240 mg. Since each tablet contains 80 mg of Tylenol, divide the total dose needed by the amount per tablet: 240 mg · 80 mg/tablet = 3 tablets. Therefore, the correct answer is 3 tablets. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the accurate calculation for the number of tablets required based on the child's weight and the ordered dose per kg.
What is the result of 32 divided by 8/9?
- A. 4 & 1/9
- B. 4
- C. 36
- D. 28 & 4/9
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To divide by a fraction, we can multiply by its reciprocal. Therefore, dividing 32 by 8/9 is the same as multiplying 32 by 9/8, which equals 36. The correct answer is C. Choice A, 4 & 1/9, is incorrect because the result is a whole number. Choice B, 4, is incorrect as it does not consider the fraction. Choice D, 28 & 4/9, is incorrect as it is not the result of dividing 32 by 8/9.
Convert the fraction 7/8 into a decimal and percent.
- A. Decimal: 0.875, Percent: 87.5%
- B. Decimal: 0.78, Percent: 78%
- C. Decimal: 0.88, Percent: 88%
- D. Decimal: 0.90, Percent: 90%
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To convert the fraction 7/8 into a decimal, you divide 7 by 8, which equals 0.875. To express this decimal as a percentage, you multiply it by 100 to get 87.5%. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not represent the correct conversion of the fraction 7/8 into a decimal and a percent.
The physician ordered 16 mg of Ibuprofen per kg of body weight; on hand are 80 mg tablets. The child weighs 15 kg. How many tablets will you give?
- A. 3 tablets
- B. 2 tablets
- C. 1 tablet
- D. 2.5 tablets
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To calculate the total dose required for the child, multiply the child's weight (15 kg) by the prescribed dose per kg (16 mg/kg): 15 kg * 16 mg/kg = 240 mg. Next, determine how many tablets are needed to reach this total dose: 240 mg / 80 mg per tablet = 3 tablets. However, since you cannot give a fraction of a tablet, the correct answer is 2 tablets. Choice A is incorrect because it miscalculates the number of tablets needed. Choice C is incorrect because only 1 tablet is not sufficient to reach the required dose. Choice D is incorrect because you cannot give a partial tablet, so it has to be rounded down to the nearest whole tablet.