The primary health care provider prescribes potassium to be...

The primary health care provider prescribes potassium to be replaced IV. When reviewing the client's medication history, the nurse determines that the underlying reason for this order is most likely the administration of which of the following drugs? Select all that apply.

A. Furosemide (Lasix)
B. Enalaprilat (Vasotec)
C. Bumetanide (Bumex)
D. Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
E. Spironolactone (Aldactone)

Correct Answer: A,C

Rationale: The administration of loop diuretics, like furosemide (Lasix) and bumetanide (Bumex), causes the excretion of water and potassium and can result in the need for IV fluid replacement of potassium.

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The use of an infusion pump or controller still requires nursing supervision and frequent monitoring of the IV infusion to monitor for signs of infiltration. Assessment of which of the following at the infusion site would lead the nurse to suspect that infiltration is occurring? Select all that apply.

A. Edema
B. Necrosis
C. Burning
D. Itching
E. Redness

Correct Answer: A,E

Rationale: It is important for the nurse to monitor frequently for signs of infiltration while an infusion pump is in use. The signs of infiltration include edema and redness at the infusion site.

A nurse is assigned to care for a client who has received albumin intravenously. The nurse understands that which of the following reasons has prompted the administration of plasma protein fractions to the client?

A. The client must have lost a lot of blood volume due to severe hemorrhage.
B. The client must have poor wound-healing abilities with a high risk of infection.
C. The client must be experiencing a condition in which plasma alone is lost.
D. The client must be experiencing hypovolemic shock due to trauma.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Plasma protein fractions are used in clients to treat hypovolemic shock that occurs as a result of burns, trauma, surgery, and infections or in conditions where shock is not currently present but likely to occur. It is also used in the case of hypoproteinemia, as might be seen in clients with nephrotic syndrome and hepatic cirrhosis, as well as other diseases or disorders.

A client has been experiencing severe vomiting. The nurse notifies the primary health care provider based on the suspicion that the client may be developing hyponatremia. Which of the following would support the nurse's suspicion? Select all that apply.

A. Increased skin turgor
B. Hypotension
C. bradycardia
D. Anxiety
E. Cold, clammy skin

Correct Answer: B,D,E

Rationale: Signs and symptoms of hyponatremia include clammy skin, decreased skin turgor, apprehension, confusion, irritability, anxiety, hypotension, postural hypotension, tachycardia, headache, tremors, convulsions, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

The nurse should review a client's medical history prior to the administration of plasma protein factors as their administration is contraindicated in clients with which of the following? Select all that apply.

A. Allergy to albumin
B. Severe anemia
C. Cardiac failure
D. Cardiopulmonary bypass
E. Dialysis

Correct Answer: A,B,C,D

Rationale: The nurse should review a client's medical history prior to the administration of plasma protein factors as their administration is contraindicated in the following situations: clients with allergic reaction to albumin, severe anemia, cardiac failure, or normal or increased intravascular volume or clients on cardiopulmonary bypass.

A client is prescribed normal saline as an IV infusion. Based on the nurse's understanding of the drug, the nurse would administer the infusion cautiously to a client with which of the following? Select all that apply.

A. Hypoproteinemia
B. Urinary tract infection
C. Edema
D. Hepatic impairment
E. Renal impairment

Correct Answer: A,C,E

Rationale: The nurse must monitor clients with the following conditions particularly closely during the administration of normal saline because sodium should be used cautiously in these clients: surgical clients and clients with circulatory insufficiency, hypoproteinemia, edema, urinary tract obstruction, congestive heart failure, or renal impairment.