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The primary healthcare provider (PHCP) prescribes medication via the buccal route. To correctly administer this medication, the nurse plans to place the medication
- A. in the client's ear while holding the pinna down and back.
- B. under the client's tongue.
- C. in the client's mouth toward the cheek.
- D. into the client's nasal passage.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Buccal administration involves placing the medication in the cheek pouch for absorption through the oral mucosa.
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A client who follows a vegetarian diet was referred to a dietitian for nutritional counseling for anemia. Which client outcome indicates that the client does not understand nutritional counseling? The client:
- A. Adds dried fruit to cereal and baked goods.
- B. Cooks tomato-based foods in iron pots.
- C. Drinks coffee or tea with meals.
- D. Adds vitamin C to all meals.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drinking coffee or tea with meals inhibits iron absorption due to tannins, which bind to iron and reduce its bioavailability. This indicates a lack of understanding of nutritional counseling for anemia, as the client should avoid these beverages during meals. Adding dried fruit (iron source), cooking in iron pots (increases iron content), and consuming vitamin C (enhances iron absorption) are appropriate strategies.
The nurse is assessing a client with acute diverticulitis. Which symptom requires immediate reporting to the physician?
- A. Mild left lower quadrant pain.
- B. Temperature of 101°F (38.3°C).
- C. Soft, formed stools.
- D. Nausea without vomiting.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A temperature of 101°F (38.3°C) in acute diverticulitis may indicate worsening infection or abscess, requiring immediate reporting. Mild pain, formed stools, and nausea are less urgent unless escalating. CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Analyze
The nurse notices that a client with Parkinson's disease is coughing frequently when eating. Which one of the following interventions should the nurse consider?
- A. Have the client hyperextend the neck when swallowing.
- B. Tell the client to place the chin firmly against the chest when eating.
- C. Thicken all liquids before offering to the client.
- D. Place the client on a clear liquid diet.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thickening liquids reduces aspiration risk in Parkinson's patients with dysphagia, as coughing indicates swallowing difficulty. Hyperextending the neck or a clear liquid diet increases aspiration risk, and chin tuck is less universally effective.
A client has returned to the medical-surgical unit after a cardiac catheterization. Which is the most important initial postprocedure nursing assessment for this client?
- A. Monitor the laboratory values.
- B. Observe neurologic function every 15 minutes.
- C. Observe the puncture site for swelling and bleeding.
- D. Monitor skin warmth and turgor.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Observing the puncture site for swelling and bleeding is critical post-catheterization to detect complications like hematoma or hemorrhage.
Which foods should the nurse encourage a client with diverticulosis to incorporate into the diet? Select all that apply.
- A. Bran cereal.
- B. Broccoli.
- C. Tomato juice.
- D. Navy beans.
- E. Cheese.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Bran cereal (A), broccoli (B), and navy beans (D) are high-fiber foods that help prevent complications in diverticulosis by promoting regular bowel movements. Tomato juice (C) and cheese (E) are not high in fiber. CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Create