Nokea
The public health nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with leprosy (Hansen’s disease). Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Explain the need for admission to the hospital.
- B. Administer dapsone, a sulfone, for one (1) month only.
- C. Instruct to use skin moisturizing lotion to control the symptoms.
- D. Discuss the ways leprosy is transmitted to other individuals.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Discussing transmission (e.g., prolonged contact) educates the client, reducing stigma and risk. Hospitalization is rarely needed, dapsone is long-term, and lotion is symptomatic.
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The client is scheduled to have a xenograft to a left lower-leg burn. The client asks the nurse, 'What is a xenograft?' Which statement by the nurse would be the best response?
- A. The doctor will graft skin from your back to your leg.'
- B. The skin from a donor will be used to cover your burn.'
- C. The graft will come from an animal, probably a pig.'
- D. I think you should ask your doctor about the graft.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A xenograft uses animal skin (e.g., porcine) for temporary burn coverage. Autografts use the patient’s skin, allografts use donor human skin, and deferring to the doctor avoids education.
When the nurse inspects the client's eyes, which clinical finding is most indicative of cataracts?
- A. Ruptured blood vessels in the eye
- B. An irregularly shaped iris
- C. A white spot behind the pupil
- D. A painless corneal lesion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A white spot behind the pupil indicates lens clouding, characteristic of cataracts.
Which nursing instruction is most appropriate to convey to the client?
- A. Use hypoallergenic or glycerin soap for bathing.
- B. Apply lotion to the affected skin every other day.
- C. Take showers rather than tub baths.
- D. Rub the skin dry after bathing.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypoallergenic soap minimizes irritation in dry skin.
The nurse must withhold medication administration and notify the physician if which drug is ordered for a client with glaucoma?
- A. Atropine sulfate (Sal-Tropine)
- B. Morphine sulfate (Roxanol)
- C. Magnesium sulfate (Epsom salts)
- D. Ferrous sulfate (Feosol)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atropine can increase intraocular pressure, worsening glaucoma.
Which action is most appropriate to include in the postoperative care plan when a client has skin grafts?
- A. Minimize movement to prevent graft disruption.
- B. Change the dressing over the graft every 8 hours.
- C. Reinforce the graft dressing if drainage occurs.
- D. Apply wet soaks to the graft every 4 hours.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Minimizing movement ensures graft adherence and healing.