Nokea
The public health nurse is discussing St. Louis encephalitis with a group in the community. Which instruction should the nurse provide to help prevent an outbreak?
- A. Yearly vaccinations for the disease.
- B. Advise that the city should spray for mosquitoes.
- C. The use of gloves when gardening.
- D. Not going out at night.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: St. Louis encephalitis is mosquito-borne. Mosquito spraying (B) reduces vector populations. No vaccine exists (A), gloves (C) are irrelevant, and night avoidance (D) is less effective.
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The female client with an incomplete T6 spinal cord transection asks the nurse for sexual health advice and the possibility of ever conceiving. Which statements by the nurse will be helpful to the client? Select all that apply.
- A. “You need to continue to use contraceptives if you do not wish to have children.”
- B. “Unfortunately, your injury prevents you from being able to conceive children.”
- C. “Because feeling is affected, it is not likely that you will be able to deliver a baby.”
- D. “Sexual intercourse is generally prohibited because it can worsen your condition.”
- E. “You can engage in sexual intimacy, but you may not be able to feel an orgasm.”
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Although the client has an incomplete T6 SCI, the woman is still capable of becoming pregnant. The client with an incomplete T6 SCI is able to get pregnant. Although the client may not feel the onset of labor, she may still be able to deliver the baby vaginally or via cesarean section. Sexual intercourse is allowable and would not worsen the client’s condition. The female may not be able to feel an orgasm. The client may not be able to feel an orgasm after an incomplete T6 SCI.
If the client begins to have a seizure after the EEG, which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Administer oxygen by nasal cannula.
- B. Measure the blood pressure and pulse.
- C. Check the client's pupils.
- D. Place the client in a side-lying position.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Placing the client in a side-lying position prevents aspiration and maintains airway patency during a seizure.
The nurse is caring for several clients. Which client would the nurse assess first after receiving the shift report?
- A. The 22-year-old male client diagnosed with a concussion who is complaining someone is waking him up every two (2) hours.
- B. The 36-year-old female client admitted with complaints of left-sided weakness who is scheduled for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan.
- C. The 45-year-old client admitted with blunt trauma to the head after a motorcycle accident who has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 6.
- D. The 62-year-old client diagnosed with a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) who has expressive aphasia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A GCS score of 6 (C) indicates severe neurological impairment, requiring immediate assessment for potential life-threatening conditions. Waking every 2 hours (A) is standard for concussion, left-sided weakness (B) is concerning but less acute, and expressive aphasia (D) is stable.
When the medical history is reviewed, which finding is most likely related to the client's diagnosis?
- A. The client had an influenza immunization in the past week.
- B. The client was bitten by a spider several days ago.
- C. The client drinks fresh, unpasteurized milk daily.
- D. The client sprayed the garden with insecticide yesterday.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Guillain-Barré syndrome is often preceded by a viral infection or immunization, such as an influenza vaccine, which can trigger an autoimmune response.
The client has right homonymous hemianopia following an ischemic stroke. The nurse asks the NA to help the client with meals knowing that this problem may result in which client response?
- A. Tendency to fall to the contralateral side
- B. Eating food on only half of the plate
- C. Using the silverware inappropriately
- D. Choking when swallowing any liquids
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tendency to fall to the contralateral side would be a concern if the client were weak or paralyzed. Homonymous hemianopia (hemianopsia) is a visual field abnormality that results in blindness in half of the visual field in the same side of both eyes. It results from damage to the optic tract or occipital lobe. Using the silverware inappropriately is a concern if the client has agnosia. Choking when swallowing any liquids is a concern if the client has dysphagia.