Nokea
The public health nurse is planning a health promotion campaign that reflects current epidemiologic trends. The nurse should know that hemorrhagic stroke currently accounts for what percentage of total strokes in the United States?
- A. 43%
- B. 33%
- C. 23%
- D. 13%
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hemorrhagic strokes account for 13% of total strokes, with ischemic strokes comprising 87%.
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What should be included in the patients care plan when establishing an exercise program for a patient affected by a stroke?
- A. Schedule passive range of motion every other day.
- B. Keep activity limited, as the patient may be over stimulated.
- C. Have the patient perform active range-of-motion (ROM) exercises once a day.
- D. Exercise the affected extremities passively four or five times a day.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Passive ROM four to five times daily prevents contractures and maintains mobility. Active ROM should be more frequent, and limited activity is not ideal.
The nurse is performing stroke risk screenings at a hospital open house. The nurse has identified four patients who might be at risk for a stroke. Which patient is likely at the highest risk for a hemorrhagic stroke?
- A. White female, age 60, with history of excessive alcohol intake
- B. White male, age 60, with history of uncontrolled hypertension
- C. Black male, age 60, with history of diabetes
- D. Black male, age 50, with history of smoking
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Uncontrolled hypertension is the primary risk factor for hemorrhagic stroke. Alcohol, diabetes, and smoking increase risk but are less significant than hypertension.
A patient who suffered an ischemic stroke now has disturbed sensory perception. What principle should guide the nurses care of this patient?
- A. The patient should be approached on the side where visual perception is intact.
- B. Attention to the affected side should be minimized to decrease anxiety.
- C. The patient should avoid turning in the direction of the defective visual field to minimize shoulder subluxation.
- D. The patient should be approached on the opposite side of where the visual perception is intact to promote recovery.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Approaching on the intact visual side ensures the patient notices the nurse, reducing confusion. Encouraging head turning to the affected side compensates for deficits.
When preparing to discharge a patient home, the nurse has met with the family and warned them that the patient may exhibit unexpected emotional responses. The nurse should teach the family that these responses are typically a result of what cause?
- A. Frustration around changes in function and communication
- B. Unmet physiologic needs
- C. Changes in brain activity during sleep and wakefulness
- D. Temporary changes in metabolism
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Emotional responses post-stroke often stem from frustration with functional and communication deficits. Other causes should be ruled out.
The nurse is caring for a patient recovering from an ischemic stroke. What intervention best addresses a potential complication after an ischemic stroke?
- A. Providing frequent small meals rather than three larger meals
- B. Teaching the patient to perform deep breathing and coughing exercises
- C. Keeping a urinary catheter in situ for the full duration of recovery
- D. Limiting intake of insoluble fiber
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Deep breathing and coughing prevent pneumonia, a common stroke complication. Frequent meals, prolonged catheters, and fiber limits are not indicated.