foundation of nursing practice questions

foundation of nursing practice questions Related

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The public health nurse is presenting a health-promotion class to a group at a local community center. Which intervention most directly addresses the leading cause of cancer deaths in North America?

  • A. Monthly self-breast exams
  • B. Smoking cessation
  • C. Annual colonoscopies
  • D. Monthly testicular exams
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Smoking cessation most directly addresses the leading cause of cancer deaths in North America, which is lung cancer. Tobacco use, particularly cigarette smoking, is the primary cause of lung cancer. By helping individuals quit smoking, the public health nurse is targeting the main risk factor for lung cancer and therefore addressing the root cause of the issue. This intervention has the potential to have a significant impact on reducing cancer-related deaths in the community. Monthly self-breast exams, annual colonoscopies, and monthly testicular exams are important for detecting breast, colon, and testicular cancers respectively, but they do not directly address the leading cause of cancer deaths in North America.

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The nurse caring for a patient diagnosed with Parkinsons disease has prepared a plan of care that would include what goal?

  • A. Promoting effective communication
  • B. Controlling diarrhea
  • C. Preventing cognitive decline
  • D. Managing choreiform movements
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease often experience speech and communication difficulties due to the effects of the disease on the muscles involved in speech production. This can manifest as soft, slurred speech or difficulty articulating words. Therefore, promoting effective communication would be an essential goal in the plan of care for a patient with Parkinson's disease. This goal may involve strategies such as speech therapy, communication devices, or providing a conducive environment to facilitate clearer communication between the patient and healthcare providers. By focusing on promoting effective communication, the nurse can help improve the patient's quality of life and enhance their ability to express their needs and concerns.

The nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone a mastoidectomy. In an effort to prevent postoperative infection, what intervention should the nurse implement?

  • A. Teach the patient about the risks of ototoxic medications.
  • B. Instruct the patient to protect the ear from water for several weeks.
  • C. Teach the patient to remove cerumen safely at least once per week.
  • D. Instruct the patient to protect the ear from temperature extremes until healing is complete.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: After a mastoidectomy, the ear should be protected from water for several weeks. This is because exposing the area to water can increase the risk of infection. Keeping the ear dry allows the surgical site to heal properly and reduces the likelihood of postoperative complications such as infection. Therefore, instructing the patient to protect the ear from water is an important intervention to prevent postoperative infection following a mastoidectomy.

A patient comes to the clinic complaining of a tender, inflamed vulva. Testing does not reveal the presence of any known causative microorganism. What aspect of this patients current health status may account for the patients symptoms of vulvitis?

  • A. The patient is morbidly obese.
  • B. The patient has type 1 diabetes.
  • C. The patient has chronic kidney disease.
  • D. The patient has numerous allergies.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Morbid obesity is a risk factor for developing a condition known as intertrigo, which is inflammation of the skin folds. In this case, the skin folds of the vulva are affected, leading to vulvitis. The warm and moist environment between the skin folds in obese individuals can promote the growth of microorganisms and the development of inflammation. This can result in symptoms such as tenderness and redness in the vulva. Since testing did not reveal the presence of any known causative microorganism, the patient's morbid obesity may be the underlying factor contributing to the symptoms of vulvitis. Treating the intertrigo and addressing the underlying obesity may help alleviate the symptoms.

Draw up prescribed amount of sterile solution ordered.

  • A. 3, 2, 6, 1, 5, 4
  • B. 5, 6, 1, 2, 3, 4
  • C. 1, 5, 6, 3, 2, 4
  • D. 6, 5, 1, 3, 2, 4
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct sequence for drawing up a prescribed amount of sterile solution ordered is as follows: 6, 5, 1, 3, 2, 4.

A nurse is discussing the advantages of a nursingclinical information system. Which advantage should the nurse describe?

  • A. Varied clinical databases
  • B. Reduced errors of omission
  • C. Increased hospital costs
  • D. More time to read charts
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: One of the key advantages associated with a nursing clinical information system is the reduction of errors of omission. By using an electronic system that prompts for required data entry and ensures completeness of documentation, nurses are less likely to miss important information, leading to improved patient care and safety. This advantage helps in promoting efficient communication among healthcare providers and contributes to better decision-making processes.

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